R Basic

Introduction

R as a calculator

1 + 100
## [1] 101
2^2
## [1] 4
7/2
## [1] 3.5
4-1
## [1] 3
2*2
## [1] 4
3+5*2
## [1] 13
(3+5)*2
## [1] 16
2e2
## [1] 200
2/10000
## [1] 2e-04
sin(1)
## [1] 0.841471
log(1)
## [1] 0
exp(0)
## [1] 1
1 == 1
## [1] TRUE
1 >= 1
## [1] TRUE
1 < 1
## [1] FALSE
1 != 2
## [1] TRUE
x <- 10
x
## [1] 10
x + x
## [1] 20
x - 5
## [1] 5
x^2
## [1] 100
y <- x+x
y
## [1] 20

Vectorization

1:5
## [1] 1 2 3 4 5
2^(1:5)
## [1]  2  4  8 16 32
v <- 1:5
2^v
## [1]  2  4  8 16 32
log10(v)
## [1] 0.0000000 0.3010300 0.4771213 0.6020600 0.6989700

Environment

ls()
## [1] "v" "x" "y"
rm(v)
ls()
## [1] "x" "y"

Package Management

installed.packages()
##                  Package           
## askpass          "askpass"         
## assertthat       "assertthat"      
## backports        "backports"       
## base64enc        "base64enc"       
## BayesFactor      "BayesFactor"     
## bayestestR       "bayestestR"      
## bit              "bit"             
## bit64            "bit64"           
## blob             "blob"            
## brio             "brio"            
## broom            "broom"           
## bslib            "bslib"           
## BWStest          "BWStest"         
## cachem           "cachem"          
## callr            "callr"           
## cartogram        "cartogram"       
## cellranger       "cellranger"      
## classInt         "classInt"        
## cli              "cli"             
## clipr            "clipr"           
## coda             "coda"            
## colorspace       "colorspace"      
## contfrac         "contfrac"        
## correlation      "correlation"     
## covr             "covr"            
## cpp11            "cpp11"           
## crayon           "crayon"          
## curl             "curl"            
## data.table       "data.table"      
## datawizard       "datawizard"      
## DBI              "DBI"             
## dbplyr           "dbplyr"          
## deldir           "deldir"          
## desc             "desc"            
## deSolve          "deSolve"         
## dichromat        "dichromat"       
## diffobj          "diffobj"         
## digest           "digest"          
## dplyr            "dplyr"           
## dtplyr           "dtplyr"          
## e1071            "e1071"           
## effectsize       "effectsize"      
## ellipsis         "ellipsis"        
## elliptic         "elliptic"        
## evaluate         "evaluate"        
## extrafont        "extrafont"       
## extrafontdb      "extrafontdb"     
## fansi            "fansi"           
## farver           "farver"          
## fastmap          "fastmap"         
## forcats          "forcats"         
## fs               "fs"              
## gargle           "gargle"          
## gcookbook        "gcookbook"       
## gdtools          "gdtools"         
## generics         "generics"        
## ggplot2          "ggplot2"         
## ggplot2movies    "ggplot2movies"   
## ggrepel          "ggrepel"         
## ggridges         "ggridges"        
## ggsignif         "ggsignif"        
## ggstatsplot      "ggstatsplot"     
## glue             "glue"            
## gmp              "gmp"             
## googledrive      "googledrive"     
## googlesheets4    "googlesheets4"   
## gridExtra        "gridExtra"       
## gtable           "gtable"          
## haven            "haven"           
## hexbin           "hexbin"          
## highr            "highr"           
## hms              "hms"             
## hrbrthemes       "hrbrthemes"      
## htmltools        "htmltools"       
## httr             "httr"            
## hunspell         "hunspell"        
## hypergeo         "hypergeo"        
## ids              "ids"             
## insight          "insight"         
## installr         "installr"        
## interp           "interp"          
## isoband          "isoband"         
## jpeg             "jpeg"            
## jquerylib        "jquerylib"       
## jsonlite         "jsonlite"        
## knitr            "knitr"           
## kSamples         "kSamples"        
## labeling         "labeling"        
## latticeExtra     "latticeExtra"    
## lazyeval         "lazyeval"        
## lifecycle        "lifecycle"       
## lubridate        "lubridate"       
## magrittr         "magrittr"        
## mapproj          "mapproj"         
## maps             "maps"            
## maptools         "maptools"        
## markdown         "markdown"        
## Matrix           "Matrix"          
## MatrixModels     "MatrixModels"    
## mc2d             "mc2d"            
## memoise          "memoise"         
## mime             "mime"            
## modelr           "modelr"          
## multcompView     "multcompView"    
## munsell          "munsell"         
## mvtnorm          "mvtnorm"         
## openssl          "openssl"         
## packcircles      "packcircles"     
## paletteer        "paletteer"       
## palmerpenguins   "palmerpenguins"  
## parameters       "parameters"      
## patchwork        "patchwork"       
## pbapply          "pbapply"         
## performance      "performance"     
## permute          "permute"         
## pillar           "pillar"          
## pkgconfig        "pkgconfig"       
## pkgload          "pkgload"         
## plyr             "plyr"            
## PMCMRplus        "PMCMRplus"       
## png              "png"             
## praise           "praise"          
## prettyunits      "prettyunits"     
## prismatic        "prismatic"       
## processx         "processx"        
## progress         "progress"        
## proxy            "proxy"           
## ps               "ps"              
## purrr            "purrr"           
## R6               "R6"              
## rappdirs         "rappdirs"        
## raster           "raster"          
## rasterVis        "rasterVis"       
## RColorBrewer     "RColorBrewer"    
## Rcpp             "Rcpp"            
## RcppEigen        "RcppEigen"       
## RcppParallel     "RcppParallel"    
## readr            "readr"           
## readxl           "readxl"          
## rematch          "rematch"         
## rematch2         "rematch2"        
## reprex           "reprex"          
## reshape          "reshape"         
## rex              "rex"             
## rgdal            "rgdal"           
## rlang            "rlang"           
## rmarkdown        "rmarkdown"       
## Rmpfr            "Rmpfr"           
## rprojroot        "rprojroot"       
## rstantools       "rstantools"      
## rstudioapi       "rstudioapi"      
## Rttf2pt1         "Rttf2pt1"        
## rvest            "rvest"           
## s2               "s2"              
## sass             "sass"            
## scales           "scales"          
## selectr          "selectr"         
## sf               "sf"              
## sm               "sm"              
## sp               "sp"              
## statsExpressions "statsExpressions"
## stringi          "stringi"         
## stringr          "stringr"         
## SuppDists        "SuppDists"       
## svglite          "svglite"         
## sys              "sys"             
## systemfonts      "systemfonts"     
## terra            "terra"           
## testthat         "testthat"        
## tibble           "tibble"          
## tidyr            "tidyr"           
## tidyselect       "tidyselect"      
## tidyverse        "tidyverse"       
## tinytex          "tinytex"         
## tzdb             "tzdb"            
## units            "units"           
## utf8             "utf8"            
## uuid             "uuid"            
## vctrs            "vctrs"           
## vdiffr           "vdiffr"          
## vegan            "vegan"           
## vioplot          "vioplot"         
## viridis          "viridis"         
## viridisLite      "viridisLite"     
## vroom            "vroom"           
## waldo            "waldo"           
## withr            "withr"           
## wk               "wk"              
## WRS2             "WRS2"            
## xfun             "xfun"            
## xml2             "xml2"            
## yaml             "yaml"            
## zeallot          "zeallot"         
## zoo              "zoo"             
## base             "base"            
## boot             "boot"            
## class            "class"           
## cluster          "cluster"         
## codetools        "codetools"       
## compiler         "compiler"        
## datasets         "datasets"        
## foreign          "foreign"         
## graphics         "graphics"        
## grDevices        "grDevices"       
## grid             "grid"            
## KernSmooth       "KernSmooth"      
## lattice          "lattice"         
## MASS             "MASS"            
## Matrix           "Matrix"          
## methods          "methods"         
## mgcv             "mgcv"            
## nlme             "nlme"            
## nnet             "nnet"            
## parallel         "parallel"        
## rpart            "rpart"           
## spatial          "spatial"         
## splines          "splines"         
## stats            "stats"           
## stats4           "stats4"          
## survival         "survival"        
## tcltk            "tcltk"           
## tools            "tools"           
## translations     "translations"    
## utils            "utils"           
##                  LibPath                                          Version     
## askpass          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1"       
## assertthat       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.2.1"     
## backports        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.4.1"     
## base64enc        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1-3"     
## BayesFactor      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.9.12-4.4"
## bayestestR       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.13.0"    
## bit              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "4.0.4"     
## bit64            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "4.0.5"     
## blob             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.3"     
## brio             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1.3"     
## broom            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.1"     
## bslib            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4.0"     
## BWStest          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.2.2"     
## cachem           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.6"     
## callr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.7.2"     
## cartogram        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.2.2"     
## cellranger       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1.0"     
## classInt         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4-8"     
## cli              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.4.1"     
## clipr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.8.0"     
## coda             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.19-4"    
## colorspace       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0-3"     
## contfrac         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1-12"    
## correlation      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.8.3"     
## covr             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.6.1"     
## cpp11            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4.3"     
## crayon           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.5.2"     
## curl             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "4.3.3"     
## data.table       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.14.2"    
## datawizard       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.6.3"     
## DBI              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1.3"     
## dbplyr           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.2.1"     
## deldir           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0-6"     
## desc             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.4.2"     
## deSolve          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.33"      
## dichromat        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0-0.1"   
## diffobj          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.3.5"     
## digest           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.6.29"    
## dplyr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.10"    
## dtplyr           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.2"     
## e1071            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.7-11"    
## effectsize       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.8.1"     
## ellipsis         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.3.2"     
## elliptic         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.4-0"     
## evaluate         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.16"      
## extrafont        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.18"      
## extrafontdb      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0"       
## fansi            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.3"     
## farver           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.1.1"     
## fastmap          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1.0"     
## forcats          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.5.2"     
## fs               "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.5.2"     
## gargle           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.1"     
## gcookbook        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0"       
## gdtools          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.2.4"     
## generics         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1.3"     
## ggplot2          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.3.6"     
## ggplot2movies    "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.0.1"     
## ggrepel          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.9.1"     
## ggridges         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.5.4"     
## ggsignif         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.6.4"     
## ggstatsplot      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.9.5"     
## glue             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.6.2"     
## gmp              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.6-6"     
## googledrive      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0.0"     
## googlesheets4    "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.1"     
## gridExtra        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.3"       
## gtable           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.3.1"     
## haven            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.5.1"     
## hexbin           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.28.2"    
## highr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.9"       
## hms              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1.2"     
## hrbrthemes       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.8.0"     
## htmltools        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.5.3"     
## httr             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.4.4"     
## hunspell         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.0.2"     
## hypergeo         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2-13"    
## ids              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.1"     
## insight          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.18.6"    
## installr         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.23.2"    
## interp           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1-3"     
## isoband          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.2.5"     
## jpeg             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1-9"     
## jquerylib        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1.4"     
## jsonlite         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.8.2"     
## knitr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.40"      
## kSamples         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2-9"     
## labeling         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4.2"     
## latticeExtra     "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.6-30"    
## lazyeval         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.2.2"     
## lifecycle        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.3"     
## lubridate        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.8.0"     
## magrittr         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0.3"     
## mapproj          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.8"     
## maps             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.4.0"     
## maptools         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1-4"     
## markdown         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1"       
## Matrix           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.5-1"     
## MatrixModels     "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.5-1"     
## mc2d             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1-21"    
## memoise          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0.1"     
## mime             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.12"      
## modelr           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1.9"     
## multcompView     "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1-8"     
## munsell          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.5.0"     
## mvtnorm          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1-3"     
## openssl          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0.3"     
## packcircles      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.3.4"     
## paletteer        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.5.0"     
## palmerpenguins   "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1.1"     
## parameters       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.19.0"    
## patchwork        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1.2"     
## pbapply          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.5-0"     
## performance      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.10.0"    
## permute          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.9-7"     
## pillar           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.8.1"     
## pkgconfig        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0.3"     
## pkgload          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.3.0"     
## plyr             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.8.7"     
## PMCMRplus        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.9.6"     
## png              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1-7"     
## praise           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.0"     
## prettyunits      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1.1"     
## prismatic        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1.1"     
## processx         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.7.0"     
## progress         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.2"     
## proxy            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4-27"    
## ps               "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.7.1"     
## purrr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.3.5"     
## R6               "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.5.1"     
## rappdirs         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.3.3"     
## raster           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.6-3"     
## rasterVis        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.51.2"    
## RColorBrewer     "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1-3"     
## Rcpp             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.9"     
## RcppEigen        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.3.3.9.2" 
## RcppParallel     "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "5.1.5"     
## readr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.1.3"     
## readxl           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.4.1"     
## rematch          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.1"     
## rematch2         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.1.2"     
## reprex           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0.2"     
## reshape          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.8.9"     
## rex              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.1"     
## rgdal            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.5-32"    
## rlang            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.6"     
## rmarkdown        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.16"      
## Rmpfr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.8-9"     
## rprojroot        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.0.3"     
## rstantools       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.2.0"     
## rstudioapi       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.14"      
## Rttf2pt1         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.3.11"    
## rvest            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.3"     
## s2               "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1.0"     
## sass             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4.2"     
## scales           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.1"     
## selectr          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4-2"     
## sf               "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0-8"     
## sm               "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.2-5.7.1" 
## sp               "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.5-0"     
## statsExpressions "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.3.4"     
## stringi          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.7.8"     
## stringr          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.4.1"     
## SuppDists        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1-9.7"   
## svglite          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.1.0"     
## sys              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.4"       
## systemfonts      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.4"     
## terra            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.6-17"    
## testthat         "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.1.5"     
## tibble           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "3.1.8"     
## tidyr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.1"     
## tidyselect       "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.0"     
## tidyverse        "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.3.2"     
## tinytex          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.42"      
## tzdb             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.3.0"     
## units            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.8-0"     
## utf8             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.2.2"     
## uuid             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1-0"     
## vctrs            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4.2"     
## vdiffr           "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.0.4"     
## vegan            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.6-2"     
## vioplot          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.3.7"     
## viridis          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.6.2"     
## viridisLite      "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4.1"     
## vroom            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.6.0"     
## waldo            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.4.0"     
## withr            "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.5.0"     
## wk               "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.6.0"     
## WRS2             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.1-4"     
## xfun             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.33"      
## xml2             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.3.3"     
## yaml             "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "2.3.5"     
## zeallot          "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "0.1.0"     
## zoo              "C:/Users/msbre/AppData/Local/R/win-library/4.2" "1.8-11"    
## base             "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## boot             "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "1.3-28"    
## class            "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "7.3-20"    
## cluster          "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "2.1.3"     
## codetools        "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "0.2-18"    
## compiler         "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## datasets         "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## foreign          "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "0.8-82"    
## graphics         "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## grDevices        "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## grid             "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## KernSmooth       "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "2.23-20"   
## lattice          "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "0.20-45"   
## MASS             "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "7.3-57"    
## Matrix           "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "1.4-1"     
## methods          "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## mgcv             "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "1.8-40"    
## nlme             "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "3.1-157"   
## nnet             "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "7.3-17"    
## parallel         "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## rpart            "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.1.16"    
## spatial          "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "7.3-15"    
## splines          "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## stats            "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## stats4           "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## survival         "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "3.3-1"     
## tcltk            "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## tools            "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## translations     "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
## utils            "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.2.1/library"             "4.2.1"     
##                  Priority     
## askpass          NA           
## assertthat       NA           
## backports        NA           
## base64enc        NA           
## BayesFactor      NA           
## bayestestR       NA           
## bit              NA           
## bit64            NA           
## blob             NA           
## brio             NA           
## broom            NA           
## bslib            NA           
## BWStest          NA           
## cachem           NA           
## callr            NA           
## cartogram        NA           
## cellranger       NA           
## classInt         NA           
## cli              NA           
## clipr            NA           
## coda             NA           
## colorspace       NA           
## contfrac         NA           
## correlation      NA           
## covr             NA           
## cpp11            NA           
## crayon           NA           
## curl             NA           
## data.table       NA           
## datawizard       NA           
## DBI              NA           
## dbplyr           NA           
## deldir           NA           
## desc             NA           
## deSolve          NA           
## dichromat        NA           
## diffobj          NA           
## digest           NA           
## dplyr            NA           
## dtplyr           NA           
## e1071            NA           
## effectsize       NA           
## ellipsis         NA           
## elliptic         NA           
## evaluate         NA           
## extrafont        NA           
## extrafontdb      NA           
## fansi            NA           
## farver           NA           
## fastmap          NA           
## forcats          NA           
## fs               NA           
## gargle           NA           
## gcookbook        NA           
## gdtools          NA           
## generics         NA           
## ggplot2          NA           
## ggplot2movies    NA           
## ggrepel          NA           
## ggridges         NA           
## ggsignif         NA           
## ggstatsplot      NA           
## glue             NA           
## gmp              NA           
## googledrive      NA           
## googlesheets4    NA           
## gridExtra        NA           
## gtable           NA           
## haven            NA           
## hexbin           NA           
## highr            NA           
## hms              NA           
## hrbrthemes       NA           
## htmltools        NA           
## httr             NA           
## hunspell         NA           
## hypergeo         NA           
## ids              NA           
## insight          NA           
## installr         NA           
## interp           NA           
## isoband          NA           
## jpeg             NA           
## jquerylib        NA           
## jsonlite         NA           
## knitr            NA           
## kSamples         NA           
## labeling         NA           
## latticeExtra     NA           
## lazyeval         NA           
## lifecycle        NA           
## lubridate        NA           
## magrittr         NA           
## mapproj          NA           
## maps             NA           
## maptools         NA           
## markdown         NA           
## Matrix           "recommended"
## MatrixModels     NA           
## mc2d             NA           
## memoise          NA           
## mime             NA           
## modelr           NA           
## multcompView     NA           
## munsell          NA           
## mvtnorm          NA           
## openssl          NA           
## packcircles      NA           
## paletteer        NA           
## palmerpenguins   NA           
## parameters       NA           
## patchwork        NA           
## pbapply          NA           
## performance      NA           
## permute          NA           
## pillar           NA           
## pkgconfig        NA           
## pkgload          NA           
## plyr             NA           
## PMCMRplus        NA           
## png              NA           
## praise           NA           
## prettyunits      NA           
## prismatic        NA           
## processx         NA           
## progress         NA           
## proxy            NA           
## ps               NA           
## purrr            NA           
## R6               NA           
## rappdirs         NA           
## raster           NA           
## rasterVis        NA           
## RColorBrewer     NA           
## Rcpp             NA           
## RcppEigen        NA           
## RcppParallel     NA           
## readr            NA           
## readxl           NA           
## rematch          NA           
## rematch2         NA           
## reprex           NA           
## reshape          NA           
## rex              NA           
## rgdal            NA           
## rlang            NA           
## rmarkdown        NA           
## Rmpfr            NA           
## rprojroot        NA           
## rstantools       NA           
## rstudioapi       NA           
## Rttf2pt1         NA           
## rvest            NA           
## s2               NA           
## sass             NA           
## scales           NA           
## selectr          NA           
## sf               NA           
## sm               NA           
## sp               NA           
## statsExpressions NA           
## stringi          NA           
## stringr          NA           
## SuppDists        NA           
## svglite          NA           
## sys              NA           
## systemfonts      NA           
## terra            NA           
## testthat         NA           
## tibble           NA           
## tidyr            NA           
## tidyselect       NA           
## tidyverse        NA           
## tinytex          NA           
## tzdb             NA           
## units            NA           
## utf8             NA           
## uuid             NA           
## vctrs            NA           
## vdiffr           NA           
## vegan            NA           
## vioplot          NA           
## viridis          NA           
## viridisLite      NA           
## vroom            NA           
## waldo            NA           
## withr            NA           
## wk               NA           
## WRS2             NA           
## xfun             NA           
## xml2             NA           
## yaml             NA           
## zeallot          NA           
## zoo              NA           
## base             "base"       
## boot             "recommended"
## class            "recommended"
## cluster          "recommended"
## codetools        "recommended"
## compiler         "base"       
## datasets         "base"       
## foreign          "recommended"
## graphics         "base"       
## grDevices        "base"       
## grid             "base"       
## KernSmooth       "recommended"
## lattice          "recommended"
## MASS             "recommended"
## Matrix           "recommended"
## methods          "base"       
## mgcv             "recommended"
## nlme             "recommended"
## nnet             "recommended"
## parallel         "base"       
## rpart            "recommended"
## spatial          "recommended"
## splines          "base"       
## stats            "base"       
## stats4           "base"       
## survival         "recommended"
## tcltk            "base"       
## tools            "base"       
## translations     NA           
## utils            "base"       
##                  Depends                                              
## askpass          NA                                                   
## assertthat       NA                                                   
## backports        "R (>= 3.0.0)"                                       
## base64enc        "R (>= 2.9.0)"                                       
## BayesFactor      "R (>= 3.2.0), coda, Matrix (>= 1.1-1)"              
## bayestestR       "R (>= 3.6)"                                         
## bit              "R (>= 2.9.2)"                                       
## bit64            "R (>= 3.0.1), bit (>= 4.0.0), utils, methods, stats"
## blob             NA                                                   
## brio             NA                                                   
## broom            "R (>= 3.1)"                                         
## bslib            "R (>= 2.10)"                                        
## BWStest          NA                                                   
## cachem           NA                                                   
## callr            "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## cartogram        NA                                                   
## cellranger       "R (>= 3.0.0)"                                       
## classInt         "R (>= 2.2)"                                         
## cli              "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## clipr            NA                                                   
## coda             "R (>= 2.14.0)"                                      
## colorspace       "R (>= 3.0.0), methods"                              
## contfrac         NA                                                   
## correlation      "R (>= 3.6)"                                         
## covr             "R (>= 3.1.0), methods"                              
## cpp11            NA                                                   
## crayon           NA                                                   
## curl             "R (>= 3.0.0)"                                       
## data.table       "R (>= 3.1.0)"                                       
## datawizard       "R (>= 3.6)"                                         
## DBI              "methods, R (>= 3.0.0)"                              
## dbplyr           "R (>= 3.1)"                                         
## deldir           "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## desc             "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## deSolve          "R (>= 3.3.0)"                                       
## dichromat        "R (>= 2.10), stats"                                 
## diffobj          "R (>= 3.1.0)"                                       
## digest           "R (>= 3.3.0)"                                       
## dplyr            "R (>= 3.4.0)"                                       
## dtplyr           "R (>= 3.3)"                                         
## e1071            NA                                                   
## effectsize       "R (>= 3.6)"                                         
## ellipsis         "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## elliptic         "R (>= 2.5.0)"                                       
## evaluate         "R (>= 3.0.2)"                                       
## extrafont        "R (>= 2.15)"                                        
## extrafontdb      "R (>= 2.14)"                                        
## fansi            "R (>= 3.1.0)"                                       
## farver           NA                                                   
## fastmap          NA                                                   
## forcats          "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## fs               "R (>= 3.1)"                                         
## gargle           "R (>= 3.5)"                                         
## gcookbook        "R (>= 2.10)"                                        
## gdtools          NA                                                   
## generics         "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## ggplot2          "R (>= 3.3)"                                         
## ggplot2movies    "R (>= 2.10.0)"                                      
## ggrepel          "R (>= 3.0.0), ggplot2 (>= 2.2.0)"                   
## ggridges         "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## ggsignif         NA                                                   
## ggstatsplot      "R (>= 4.0.0)"                                       
## glue             "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## gmp              "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## googledrive      "R (>= 3.3)"                                         
## googlesheets4    "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## gridExtra        NA                                                   
## gtable           "R (>= 3.0)"                                         
## haven            "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## hexbin           "R (>= 2.0.1), methods"                              
## highr            "R (>= 3.2.3)"                                       
## hms              NA                                                   
## hrbrthemes       "R (>= 3.4.0)"                                       
## htmltools        "R (>= 2.14.1)"                                      
## httr             "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## hunspell         "R (>= 3.0.2)"                                       
## hypergeo         "R (>= 3.1.0),"                                      
## ids              NA                                                   
## insight          "R (>= 3.5)"                                         
## installr         "R (>= 2.14.0)"                                      
## interp           "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## isoband          NA                                                   
## jpeg             "R (>= 2.9.0)"                                       
## jquerylib        NA                                                   
## jsonlite         "methods"                                            
## knitr            "R (>= 3.3.0)"                                       
## kSamples         "SuppDists"                                          
## labeling         NA                                                   
## latticeExtra     "R (>= 3.6.0), lattice"                              
## lazyeval         "R (>= 3.1.0)"                                       
## lifecycle        "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## lubridate        "methods, R (>= 3.2)"                                
## magrittr         "R (>= 3.4.0)"                                       
## mapproj          "R (>= 3.0.0), maps (>= 2.3-0)"                      
## maps             "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## maptools         "R (>= 2.10), sp (>= 1.0-11)"                        
## markdown         "R (>= 2.11.1)"                                      
## Matrix           "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## MatrixModels     "R (>= 3.6.0)"                                       
## mc2d             "R (>= 2.10.0), mvtnorm"                             
## memoise          NA                                                   
## mime             NA                                                   
## modelr           "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## multcompView     NA                                                   
## munsell          NA                                                   
## mvtnorm          "R(>= 3.5.0)"                                        
## openssl          NA                                                   
## packcircles      "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## paletteer        "R (>= 2.10)"                                        
## palmerpenguins   "R (>= 2.10)"                                        
## parameters       "R (>= 3.6)"                                         
## patchwork        NA                                                   
## pbapply          "R (>= 3.2.0)"                                       
## performance      "R (>= 3.6)"                                         
## permute          "R (>= 2.14.0)"                                      
## pillar           NA                                                   
## pkgconfig        NA                                                   
## pkgload          "R (>= 3.4.0)"                                       
## plyr             "R (>= 3.1.0)"                                       
## PMCMRplus        "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## png              "R (>= 2.9.0)"                                       
## praise           NA                                                   
## prettyunits      NA                                                   
## prismatic        "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## processx         "R (>= 3.4.0)"                                       
## progress         NA                                                   
## proxy            "R (>= 3.4.0)"                                       
## ps               "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## purrr            "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## R6               "R (>= 3.0)"                                         
## rappdirs         "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## raster           "sp (>= 1.4-5), R (>= 3.5.0)"                        
## rasterVis        "R (>= 3.0.0), methods, lattice (>= 0.20-41)"        
## RColorBrewer     "R (>= 2.0.0)"                                       
## Rcpp             NA                                                   
## RcppEigen        NA                                                   
## RcppParallel     "R (>= 3.0.2)"                                       
## readr            "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## readxl           "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## rematch          NA                                                   
## rematch2         NA                                                   
## reprex           "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## reshape          "R (>= 2.6.1)"                                       
## rex              NA                                                   
## rgdal            "R (>= 3.5.0), methods, sp (>= 1.1-0)"               
## rlang            "R (>= 3.4.0)"                                       
## rmarkdown        "R (>= 3.0)"                                         
## Rmpfr            "gmp (>= 0.6-1), R (>= 3.5.0)"                       
## rprojroot        "R (>= 3.0.0)"                                       
## rstantools       NA                                                   
## rstudioapi       NA                                                   
## Rttf2pt1         "R (>= 2.15)"                                        
## rvest            "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## s2               "R (>= 3.0.0)"                                       
## sass             NA                                                   
## scales           "R (>= 3.2)"                                         
## selectr          "R (>= 3.0)"                                         
## sf               "methods, R (>= 3.3.0)"                              
## sm               "R (>= 3.1.0)"                                       
## sp               "R (>= 3.0.0), methods"                              
## statsExpressions "R (>= 4.0.0)"                                       
## stringi          "R (>= 3.1)"                                         
## stringr          "R (>= 3.1)"                                         
## SuppDists        "R (>= 3.3.0)"                                       
## svglite          "R (>= 3.0.0)"                                       
## sys              NA                                                   
## systemfonts      "R (>= 3.2.0)"                                       
## terra            "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## testthat         "R (>= 3.1)"                                         
## tibble           "R (>= 3.1.0)"                                       
## tidyr            "R (>= 3.1)"                                         
## tidyselect       "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## tidyverse        "R (>= 3.3)"                                         
## tinytex          NA                                                   
## tzdb             "R (>= 3.4.0)"                                       
## units            "R (>= 3.0.2)"                                       
## utf8             "R (>= 2.10)"                                        
## uuid             "R (>= 2.9.0)"                                       
## vctrs            "R (>= 3.3)"                                         
## vdiffr           "R (>= 3.2.0)"                                       
## vegan            "permute (>= 0.9-0), lattice, R (>= 3.4.0)"          
## vioplot          "sm, zoo"                                            
## viridis          "R (>= 2.10), viridisLite (>= 0.4.0)"                
## viridisLite      "R (>= 2.10)"                                        
## vroom            "R (>= 3.4)"                                         
## waldo            NA                                                   
## withr            "R (>= 3.2.0)"                                       
## wk               NA                                                   
## WRS2             "R (>= 3.2.0)"                                       
## xfun             NA                                                   
## xml2             "R (>= 3.1.0)"                                       
## yaml             NA                                                   
## zeallot          NA                                                   
## zoo              "R (>= 3.1.0), stats"                                
## base             NA                                                   
## boot             "R (>= 3.0.0), graphics, stats"                      
## class            "R (>= 3.0.0), stats, utils"                         
## cluster          "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## codetools        "R (>= 2.1)"                                         
## compiler         NA                                                   
## datasets         NA                                                   
## foreign          "R (>= 4.0.0)"                                       
## graphics         NA                                                   
## grDevices        NA                                                   
## grid             NA                                                   
## KernSmooth       "R (>= 2.5.0), stats"                                
## lattice          "R (>= 3.0.0)"                                       
## MASS             "R (>= 3.3.0), grDevices, graphics, stats, utils"    
## Matrix           "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## methods          NA                                                   
## mgcv             "R (>= 3.6.0), nlme (>= 3.1-64)"                     
## nlme             "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## nnet             "R (>= 3.0.0), stats, utils"                         
## parallel         NA                                                   
## rpart            "R (>= 2.15.0), graphics, stats, grDevices"          
## spatial          "R (>= 3.0.0), graphics, stats, utils"               
## splines          NA                                                   
## stats            NA                                                   
## stats4           NA                                                   
## survival         "R (>= 3.5.0)"                                       
## tcltk            NA                                                   
## tools            NA                                                   
## translations     NA                                                   
## utils            NA                                                   
##                  Imports                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## askpass          "sys (>= 2.1)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## assertthat       "tools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## backports        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## base64enc        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## BayesFactor      "pbapply, mvtnorm, stringr, utils, graphics, MatrixModels, Rcpp\n(>= 0.11.2), methods, hypergeo"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## bayestestR       "insight (>= 0.18.2), datawizard (>= 0.5.1), graphics, methods,\nstats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## bit              NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## bit64            NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## blob             "methods, rlang, vctrs (>= 0.2.1)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## brio             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## broom            "backports, dplyr (>= 1.0.0), ellipsis, generics (>= 0.0.2),\nglue, purrr, rlang, stringr, tibble (>= 3.0.0), tidyr (>=\n1.0.0), ggplot2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## bslib            "grDevices, htmltools (>= 0.5.2), jsonlite, sass (>= 0.4.0),\njquerylib (>= 0.1.3), rlang, cachem, memoise"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## BWStest          "memoise, Rcpp (>= 0.12.3)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## cachem           "rlang, fastmap"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## callr            "processx (>= 3.6.1), R6, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## cartogram        "methods, sf, packcircles"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## cellranger       "rematch, tibble"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## classInt         "grDevices, stats, graphics, e1071, class, KernSmooth"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## cli              "utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## clipr            "utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## coda             "lattice"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## colorspace       "graphics, grDevices, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## contfrac         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## correlation      "bayestestR (>= 0.13.0), datasets, datawizard (>= 0.5.1),\ninsight (>= 0.18.4), parameters (>= 0.18.2), stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## covr             "digest, stats, utils, jsonlite, rex, httr, crayon, withr (>=\n1.0.2), yaml"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## cpp11            NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## crayon           "grDevices, methods, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## curl             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## data.table       "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## datawizard       "insight (>= 0.18.5), stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## DBI              NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## dbplyr           "assertthat (>= 0.2.0), blob (>= 1.2.0), cli (>= 3.3.0), DBI\n(>= 1.0.0), dplyr (>= 1.0.9), glue (>= 1.2.0), lifecycle (>=\n1.0.0), magrittr, methods, pillar (>= 1.5.0), purrr (>= 0.2.5),\nR6 (>= 2.2.2), rlang (>= 1.0.0), tibble (>= 1.4.2), tidyselect\n(>= 0.2.4), utils, vctrs (>= 0.4.1), withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## deldir           "graphics, grDevices"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## desc             "cli, R6, rprojroot, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## deSolve          "methods, graphics, grDevices, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## dichromat        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## diffobj          "crayon (>= 1.3.2), tools, methods, utils, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## digest           "utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## dplyr            "generics, glue (>= 1.3.2), lifecycle (>= 1.0.1), magrittr (>=\n1.5), methods, R6, rlang (>= 1.0.2), tibble (>= 2.1.3),\ntidyselect (>= 1.1.1), utils, vctrs (>= 0.4.1), pillar (>=\n1.5.1)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## dtplyr           "crayon, data.table (>= 1.13.0), dplyr (>= 1.0.3), ellipsis,\nglue, lifecycle, rlang, tibble, tidyselect, vctrs"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## e1071            "graphics, grDevices, class, stats, methods, utils, proxy"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## effectsize       "bayestestR (>= 0.13.0), insight (>= 0.18.4), parameters (>=\n0.19.0), performance (>= 0.10.0), datawizard (>= 0.6.2), stats,\nutils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## ellipsis         "rlang (>= 0.3.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## elliptic         "MASS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## evaluate         "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## extrafont        "extrafontdb, grDevices, utils, Rttf2pt1"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## extrafontdb      NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## fansi            "grDevices, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## farver           NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## fastmap          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## forcats          "cli, ellipsis, glue, lifecycle, magrittr, rlang (>= 1.0.0),\ntibble, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## fs               "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## gargle           "cli (>= 3.0.0), fs (>= 1.3.1), glue (>= 1.3.0), httr (>=\n1.4.0), jsonlite, rappdirs, rlang (>= 1.0.0), rstudioapi,\nstats, utils, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## gcookbook        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## gdtools          "Rcpp (>= 0.12.12), systemfonts (>= 0.1.1)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## generics         "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## ggplot2          "digest, glue, grDevices, grid, gtable (>= 0.1.1), isoband,\nMASS, mgcv, rlang (>= 0.4.10), scales (>= 0.5.0), stats,\ntibble, withr (>= 2.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## ggplot2movies    NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## ggrepel          "grid, Rcpp, rlang (>= 0.3.0), scales (>= 0.5.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## ggridges         "ggplot2 (>= 3.0.0), grid (>= 3.0.0), scales (>= 0.4.1), withr\n(>= 2.1.1)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## ggsignif         "ggplot2 (>= 3.3.5)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## ggstatsplot      "correlation (>= 0.8.3), datawizard (>= 0.6.2), dplyr, ggplot2,\nggrepel, ggsignif, glue, insight (>= 0.18.5), paletteer,\nparameters (>= 0.19.0), patchwork, performance (>= 0.10.0),\npurrr, rlang, stats, statsExpressions (>= 1.3.4), tidyr, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## glue             "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## gmp              "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## googledrive      "cli (>= 3.0.0), gargle (>= 1.2.0), glue (>= 1.4.2), httr,\njsonlite, lifecycle, magrittr, pillar, purrr (>= 0.2.3), rlang\n(>= 0.4.9), tibble (>= 2.0.0), utils, uuid, vctrs (>= 0.3.0),\nwithr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## googlesheets4    "cellranger, cli (>= 3.0.0), curl, gargle (>= 1.2.0), glue (>=\n1.3.0), googledrive (>= 2.0.0), httr, ids, magrittr, methods,\npurrr, rematch2, rlang (>= 1.0.2), tibble (>= 2.1.1), utils,\nvctrs (>= 0.2.3)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## gridExtra        "gtable, grid, grDevices, graphics, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## gtable           "grid"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## haven            "cli (>= 3.0.0), forcats (>= 0.2.0), hms, lifecycle, methods,\nreadr (>= 0.1.0), rlang (>= 0.4.0), tibble, tidyselect, vctrs\n(>= 0.3.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## hexbin           "lattice, grid, graphics, grDevices, stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## highr            "xfun (>= 0.18)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## hms              "ellipsis (>= 0.3.2), lifecycle, methods, pkgconfig, rlang,\nvctrs (>= 0.3.8)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## hrbrthemes       "ggplot2 (>= 3.3.0), grDevices, grid, scales, extrafont, knitr,\nrmarkdown, htmltools, tools, magrittr, gdtools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## htmltools        "utils, digest, grDevices, base64enc, rlang (>= 0.4.10),\nfastmap (>= 1.1.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## httr             "curl (>= 3.0.0), jsonlite, mime, openssl (>= 0.8), R6"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## hunspell         "Rcpp, digest"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## hypergeo         "elliptic (>= 1.3-5), contfrac (>= 1.1-9), deSolve"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## ids              "openssl, uuid"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## insight          "methods, stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## installr         "stringr, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## interp           "Rcpp (>= 0.12.9), deldir"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## isoband          "grid, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## jpeg             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## jquerylib        "htmltools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## jsonlite         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## knitr            "evaluate (>= 0.15), highr, methods, stringr (>= 0.6), yaml (>=\n2.1.19), xfun (>= 0.29), tools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## kSamples         "methods, graphics, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## labeling         "stats, graphics"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## latticeExtra     "grid, stats, utils, grDevices, png, jpeg, RColorBrewer,\ninterp, MASS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## lazyeval         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## lifecycle        "cli (>= 3.4.0), glue, rlang (>= 1.0.6)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## lubridate        "generics"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## magrittr         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## mapproj          "stats, graphics"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## maps             "graphics, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## maptools         "foreign (>= 0.8), methods, grid, lattice, stats, utils,\ngrDevices"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## markdown         "utils, xfun, mime (>= 0.3)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## Matrix           "methods, graphics, grid, stats, utils, lattice"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## MatrixModels     "stats, methods, Matrix (>= 1.4-2)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## mc2d             "stats, grDevices, graphics, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## memoise          "rlang (>= 0.4.10), cachem"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## mime             "tools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## modelr           "broom, magrittr, purrr (>= 0.2.2), rlang (>= 0.2.0), tibble,\ntidyr (>= 0.8.0), tidyselect, vctrs"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## multcompView     "grid"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## munsell          "colorspace, methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## mvtnorm          "stats, methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## openssl          "askpass"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## packcircles      "Rcpp (>= 1.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## paletteer        "prismatic, rematch2, rlang, rstudioapi"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## palmerpenguins   NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## parameters       "bayestestR (>= 0.12.1), datawizard (>= 0.6.0), insight (>=\n0.18.3), graphics, methods, stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## patchwork        "ggplot2 (>= 3.0.0), gtable, grid, stats, grDevices, utils,\ngraphics"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## pbapply          "parallel"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## performance      "bayestestR (>= 0.12.0), insight (>= 0.18.3), datawizard (>=\n0.5.1), methods, stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## permute          "stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## pillar           "cli (>= 2.3.0), fansi, glue, lifecycle, rlang (>= 1.0.2), utf8\n(>= 1.1.0), utils, vctrs (>= 0.3.8)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## pkgconfig        "utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## pkgload          "cli (>= 3.3.0), crayon, desc, fs, glue, methods, rlang (>=\n1.0.3), rprojroot, utils, withr (>= 2.4.3)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## plyr             "Rcpp (>= 0.11.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## PMCMRplus        "mvtnorm (>= 1.0), multcompView, gmp, Rmpfr, SuppDists,\nkSamples (>= 1.2.7), BWStest (>= 0.2.1), MASS, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## png              NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## praise           NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## prettyunits      NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## prismatic        "graphics, farver (>= 2.0.1), grDevices"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## processx         "ps (>= 1.2.0), R6, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## progress         "hms, prettyunits, R6, crayon"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## proxy            "stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## ps               "utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## purrr            "magrittr (>= 1.5), rlang (>= 0.3.1)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## R6               NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## rappdirs         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## raster           "Rcpp, methods, terra (>= 1.6-16)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## rasterVis        "raster (>= 3.4-13), terra (>= 1.4-9), latticeExtra, stats,\nutils, parallel, grid, grDevices, RColorBrewer, hexbin, sp (>=\n1.0-6), zoo, viridisLite"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## RColorBrewer     NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## Rcpp             "methods, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## RcppEigen        "Matrix (>= 1.1-0), Rcpp (>= 0.11.0), stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## RcppParallel     NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## readr            "cli (>= 3.2.0), clipr, crayon, hms (>= 0.4.1), lifecycle (>=\n0.2.0), methods, R6, rlang, tibble, utils, vroom (>= 1.6.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## readxl           "cellranger, tibble (>= 2.0.1), utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## rematch          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## rematch2         "tibble"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## reprex           "callr (>= 3.6.0), cli (>= 3.2.0), clipr (>= 0.4.0), fs, glue,\nknitr (>= 1.23), lifecycle, rlang (>= 1.0.0), rmarkdown,\nrstudioapi, utils, withr (>= 2.3.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## reshape          "plyr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## rex              "lazyeval"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## rgdal            "grDevices, graphics, stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## rlang            "utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## rmarkdown        "bslib (>= 0.2.5.1), evaluate (>= 0.13), htmltools (>= 0.5.1),\njquerylib, jsonlite, knitr (>= 1.22), methods, stringr (>=\n1.2.0), tinytex (>= 0.31), tools, utils, xfun (>= 0.30), yaml\n(>= 2.1.19)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## Rmpfr            "stats, utils, methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## rprojroot        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## rstantools       "desc, stats, utils, Rcpp (>= 0.12.16), RcppParallel (>= 5.0.1)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## rstudioapi       NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## Rttf2pt1         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## rvest            "glue, cli, httr (>= 0.5), lifecycle (>= 1.0.0), magrittr,\nrlang (>= 1.0.0), selectr, tibble, xml2 (>= 1.3), withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## s2               "Rcpp, wk (>= 0.6.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## sass             "fs, rlang (>= 0.4.10), htmltools (>= 0.5.1), R6, rappdirs"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## scales           "farver (>= 2.0.3), labeling, lifecycle, munsell (>= 0.5), R6,\nRColorBrewer, rlang (>= 1.0.0), viridisLite"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## selectr          "methods, stringr, R6"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## sf               "classInt (>= 0.4-1), DBI (>= 0.8), graphics, grDevices, grid,\nmagrittr, Rcpp (>= 0.12.18), s2 (>= 1.0.7), stats, tools, units\n(>= 0.7-0), utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## sm               NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## sp               "utils, stats, graphics, grDevices, lattice, grid"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## statsExpressions "BayesFactor (>= 0.9.12-4.4), correlation (>= 0.8.3),\ndatawizard (>= 0.6.2), dplyr, effectsize (>= 0.8.0), glue,\ninsight (>= 0.18.4), magrittr, parameters (>= 0.19.0),\nperformance (>= 0.10.0), rlang, stats, tibble, tidyr, WRS2 (>=\n1.1-4), zeallot"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## stringi          "tools, utils, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## stringr          "glue (>= 1.2.0), magrittr, stringi (>= 1.1.7)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## SuppDists        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## svglite          "systemfonts (>= 1.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## sys              NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## systemfonts      NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## terra            "methods, Rcpp"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## testthat         "brio, callr (>= 3.5.1), cli (>= 3.4.0), desc, digest, ellipsis\n(>= 0.2.0), evaluate, jsonlite, lifecycle, magrittr, methods,\npkgload, praise, processx, ps (>= 1.3.4), R6 (>= 2.2.0), rlang\n(>= 1.0.1), utils, waldo (>= 0.4.0), withr (>= 2.4.3)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## tibble           "fansi (>= 0.4.0), lifecycle (>= 1.0.0), magrittr, methods,\npillar (>= 1.7.0), pkgconfig, rlang (>= 1.0.2), utils, vctrs\n(>= 0.3.8)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## tidyr            "dplyr (>= 1.0.0), ellipsis (>= 0.1.0), glue, lifecycle,\nmagrittr, purrr, rlang, tibble (>= 2.1.1), tidyselect (>=\n1.1.0), utils, vctrs (>= 0.3.7)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## tidyselect       "cli (>= 3.3.0), glue (>= 1.3.0), lifecycle (>= 1.0.3), rlang\n(>= 1.0.4), vctrs (>= 0.4.1), withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## tidyverse        "broom (>= 0.7.10), cli (>= 3.1.0), crayon (>= 1.4.2), dbplyr\n(>= 2.1.1), dplyr (>= 1.0.7), dtplyr (>= 1.2.0), forcats (>=\n0.5.1), ggplot2 (>= 3.3.5), googledrive (>= 2.0.0),\ngooglesheets4 (>= 1.0.0), haven (>= 2.4.3), hms (>= 1.1.1),\nhttr (>= 1.4.2), jsonlite (>= 1.7.2), lubridate (>= 1.8.0),\nmagrittr (>= 2.0.1), modelr (>= 0.1.8), pillar (>= 1.6.4),\npurrr (>= 0.3.4), readr (>= 2.1.1), readxl (>= 1.3.1), reprex\n(>= 2.0.1), rlang (>= 0.4.12), rstudioapi (>= 0.13), rvest (>=\n1.0.2), stringr (>= 1.4.0), tibble (>= 3.1.6), tidyr (>=\n1.1.4), xml2 (>= 1.3.3)"
## tinytex          "xfun (>= 0.29)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## tzdb             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## units            "Rcpp"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## utf8             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## uuid             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## vctrs            "cli (>= 3.2.0), glue, rlang (>= 1.0.2)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## vdiffr           "diffobj, glue, grDevices, htmltools, lifecycle, rlang,\ntestthat (>= 3.0.3), xml2 (>= 1.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## vegan            "MASS, cluster, mgcv"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## vioplot          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## viridis          "stats, ggplot2 (>= 1.0.1), gridExtra"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## viridisLite      NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## vroom            "bit64, cli (>= 3.2.0), crayon, glue, hms, lifecycle, methods,\nrlang (>= 0.4.2), stats, tibble (>= 2.0.0), tidyselect, tzdb\n(>= 0.1.1), vctrs (>= 0.2.0), withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## waldo            "cli, diffobj (>= 0.3.4), fansi, glue, methods, rematch2, rlang\n(>= 1.0.0), tibble"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## withr            "graphics, grDevices, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## wk               NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## WRS2             "MASS, reshape, plyr, stats, graphics, grDevices, utils, mc2d"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## xfun             "stats, tools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## xml2             "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## yaml             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## zeallot          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## zoo              "utils, graphics, grDevices, lattice (>= 0.20-27)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## base             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## boot             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## class            "MASS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## cluster          "graphics, grDevices, stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## codetools        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## compiler         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## datasets         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## foreign          "methods, utils, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## graphics         "grDevices"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## grDevices        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## grid             "grDevices, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## KernSmooth       NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## lattice          "grid, grDevices, graphics, stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## MASS             "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## Matrix           "methods, graphics, grid, stats, utils, lattice"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## methods          "utils, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## mgcv             "methods, stats, graphics, Matrix, splines, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## nlme             "graphics, stats, utils, lattice"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## nnet             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## parallel         "tools, compiler"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## rpart            NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## spatial          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## splines          "graphics, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## stats            "utils, grDevices, graphics"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## stats4           "graphics, methods, stats"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## survival         "graphics, Matrix, methods, splines, stats, utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## tcltk            "utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## tools            NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## translations     NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## utils            NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
##                  LinkingTo                                               
## askpass          NA                                                      
## assertthat       NA                                                      
## backports        NA                                                      
## base64enc        NA                                                      
## BayesFactor      "Rcpp (>= 0.11.2), RcppEigen (>= 0.3.2.2.0)"            
## bayestestR       NA                                                      
## bit              NA                                                      
## bit64            NA                                                      
## blob             NA                                                      
## brio             NA                                                      
## broom            NA                                                      
## bslib            NA                                                      
## BWStest          "Rcpp"                                                  
## cachem           NA                                                      
## callr            NA                                                      
## cartogram        NA                                                      
## cellranger       NA                                                      
## classInt         NA                                                      
## cli              NA                                                      
## clipr            NA                                                      
## coda             NA                                                      
## colorspace       NA                                                      
## contfrac         NA                                                      
## correlation      NA                                                      
## covr             NA                                                      
## cpp11            NA                                                      
## crayon           NA                                                      
## curl             NA                                                      
## data.table       NA                                                      
## datawizard       NA                                                      
## DBI              NA                                                      
## dbplyr           NA                                                      
## deldir           NA                                                      
## desc             NA                                                      
## deSolve          NA                                                      
## dichromat        NA                                                      
## diffobj          NA                                                      
## digest           NA                                                      
## dplyr            NA                                                      
## dtplyr           NA                                                      
## e1071            NA                                                      
## effectsize       NA                                                      
## ellipsis         NA                                                      
## elliptic         NA                                                      
## evaluate         NA                                                      
## extrafont        NA                                                      
## extrafontdb      NA                                                      
## fansi            NA                                                      
## farver           NA                                                      
## fastmap          NA                                                      
## forcats          NA                                                      
## fs               NA                                                      
## gargle           NA                                                      
## gcookbook        NA                                                      
## gdtools          "Rcpp"                                                  
## generics         NA                                                      
## ggplot2          NA                                                      
## ggplot2movies    NA                                                      
## ggrepel          "Rcpp"                                                  
## ggridges         NA                                                      
## ggsignif         NA                                                      
## ggstatsplot      NA                                                      
## glue             NA                                                      
## gmp              NA                                                      
## googledrive      NA                                                      
## googlesheets4    NA                                                      
## gridExtra        NA                                                      
## gtable           NA                                                      
## haven            "cpp11"                                                 
## hexbin           NA                                                      
## highr            NA                                                      
## hms              NA                                                      
## hrbrthemes       NA                                                      
## htmltools        NA                                                      
## httr             NA                                                      
## hunspell         "Rcpp (>= 0.12.12)"                                     
## hypergeo         NA                                                      
## ids              NA                                                      
## insight          NA                                                      
## installr         NA                                                      
## interp           "Rcpp, RcppEigen"                                       
## isoband          NA                                                      
## jpeg             NA                                                      
## jquerylib        NA                                                      
## jsonlite         NA                                                      
## knitr            NA                                                      
## kSamples         NA                                                      
## labeling         NA                                                      
## latticeExtra     NA                                                      
## lazyeval         NA                                                      
## lifecycle        NA                                                      
## lubridate        "cpp11 (>= 0.2.7)"                                      
## magrittr         NA                                                      
## mapproj          NA                                                      
## maps             NA                                                      
## maptools         NA                                                      
## markdown         NA                                                      
## Matrix           NA                                                      
## MatrixModels     NA                                                      
## mc2d             NA                                                      
## memoise          NA                                                      
## mime             NA                                                      
## modelr           NA                                                      
## multcompView     NA                                                      
## munsell          NA                                                      
## mvtnorm          NA                                                      
## openssl          NA                                                      
## packcircles      "Rcpp (>= 1.0.0)"                                       
## paletteer        NA                                                      
## palmerpenguins   NA                                                      
## parameters       NA                                                      
## patchwork        NA                                                      
## pbapply          NA                                                      
## performance      NA                                                      
## permute          NA                                                      
## pillar           NA                                                      
## pkgconfig        NA                                                      
## pkgload          NA                                                      
## plyr             "Rcpp"                                                  
## PMCMRplus        NA                                                      
## png              NA                                                      
## praise           NA                                                      
## prettyunits      NA                                                      
## prismatic        NA                                                      
## processx         NA                                                      
## progress         NA                                                      
## proxy            NA                                                      
## ps               NA                                                      
## purrr            NA                                                      
## R6               NA                                                      
## rappdirs         NA                                                      
## raster           "Rcpp"                                                  
## rasterVis        NA                                                      
## RColorBrewer     NA                                                      
## Rcpp             NA                                                      
## RcppEigen        "Rcpp"                                                  
## RcppParallel     NA                                                      
## readr            "cpp11, tzdb (>= 0.1.1)"                                
## readxl           "cpp11 (>= 0.4.0), progress"                            
## rematch          NA                                                      
## rematch2         NA                                                      
## reprex           NA                                                      
## reshape          NA                                                      
## rex              NA                                                      
## rgdal            "sp"                                                    
## rlang            NA                                                      
## rmarkdown        NA                                                      
## Rmpfr            NA                                                      
## rprojroot        NA                                                      
## rstantools       NA                                                      
## rstudioapi       NA                                                      
## Rttf2pt1         NA                                                      
## rvest            NA                                                      
## s2               "Rcpp, wk"                                              
## sass             NA                                                      
## scales           NA                                                      
## selectr          NA                                                      
## sf               "Rcpp"                                                  
## sm               NA                                                      
## sp               NA                                                      
## statsExpressions NA                                                      
## stringi          NA                                                      
## stringr          NA                                                      
## SuppDists        NA                                                      
## svglite          "cpp11, systemfonts"                                    
## sys              NA                                                      
## systemfonts      "cpp11 (>= 0.2.1)"                                      
## terra            "Rcpp"                                                  
## testthat         NA                                                      
## tibble           NA                                                      
## tidyr            "cpp11 (>= 0.4.0)"                                      
## tidyselect       NA                                                      
## tidyverse        NA                                                      
## tinytex          NA                                                      
## tzdb             "cpp11 (>= 0.4.2)"                                      
## units            "Rcpp (>= 0.12.10)"                                     
## utf8             NA                                                      
## uuid             NA                                                      
## vctrs            NA                                                      
## vdiffr           "cpp11"                                                 
## vegan            NA                                                      
## vioplot          NA                                                      
## viridis          NA                                                      
## viridisLite      NA                                                      
## vroom            "cpp11 (>= 0.2.0), progress (>= 1.2.1), tzdb (>= 0.1.1)"
## waldo            NA                                                      
## withr            NA                                                      
## wk               NA                                                      
## WRS2             NA                                                      
## xfun             NA                                                      
## xml2             NA                                                      
## yaml             NA                                                      
## zeallot          NA                                                      
## zoo              NA                                                      
## base             NA                                                      
## boot             NA                                                      
## class            NA                                                      
## cluster          NA                                                      
## codetools        NA                                                      
## compiler         NA                                                      
## datasets         NA                                                      
## foreign          NA                                                      
## graphics         NA                                                      
## grDevices        NA                                                      
## grid             NA                                                      
## KernSmooth       NA                                                      
## lattice          NA                                                      
## MASS             NA                                                      
## Matrix           NA                                                      
## methods          NA                                                      
## mgcv             NA                                                      
## nlme             NA                                                      
## nnet             NA                                                      
## parallel         NA                                                      
## rpart            NA                                                      
## spatial          NA                                                      
## splines          NA                                                      
## stats            NA                                                      
## stats4           NA                                                      
## survival         NA                                                      
## tcltk            NA                                                      
## tools            NA                                                      
## translations     NA                                                      
## utils            NA                                                      
##                  Suggests                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## askpass          "testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## assertthat       "testthat, covr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## backports        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## base64enc        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## BayesFactor      "doMC, foreach, testthat, knitr, markdown, arm, lme4, xtable,\nlanguageR"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## bayestestR       "BayesFactor, bayesQR, bayesplot, BH, blavaan, bridgesampling,\nbrms, effectsize, emmeans, gamm4, ggdist, ggplot2, glmmTMB,\nhttr, KernSmooth, knitr, lavaan, lme4, logspline, MASS, mclust,\nmediation, modelbased, parameters, patchwork, performance,\nquadprog, posterior, RcppEigen, rmarkdown, rstan, rstanarm,\nsee, testthat, tweedie"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## bit              "testthat (>= 0.11.0), roxygen2, knitr, rmarkdown,\nmicrobenchmark, bit64 (>= 4.0.0), ff (>= 4.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## bit64            NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## blob             "covr, crayon, pillar (>= 1.2.1), testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## brio             "covr, testthat (>= 2.1.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## broom            "AER, AUC, bbmle, betareg, biglm, binGroup, boot, btergm (>=\n1.10.6), car, carData, caret, cluster, cmprsk, coda, covr, drc,\ne1071, emmeans, epiR, ergm (>= 3.10.4), fixest (>= 0.9.0), gam\n(>= 1.15), gee, geepack, glmnet, glmnetUtils, gmm, Hmisc,\nirlba, interp, joineRML, Kendall, knitr, ks, Lahman, lavaan,\nleaps, lfe, lm.beta, lme4, lmodel2, lmtest (>= 0.9.38),\nlsmeans, maps, maptools, margins, MASS, mclust, mediation,\nmetafor, mfx, mgcv, mlogit, modeldata, modeltests, muhaz,\nmultcomp, network, nnet, orcutt (>= 2.2), ordinal, plm, poLCA,\npsych, quantreg, rgeos, rmarkdown, robust, robustbase, rsample,\nsandwich, sp, spdep (>= 1.1), spatialreg, speedglm, spelling,\nsurvey, survival, systemfit, testthat (>= 2.1.0), tseries,\nvars, zoo"                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## bslib            "shiny (>= 1.6.0), rmarkdown (>= 2.7), thematic, knitr,\ntestthat, withr, rappdirs, curl, magrittr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## BWStest          "testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## cachem           "testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## callr            "cli (>= 1.1.0), covr, mockery, ps, rprojroot, spelling,\ntestthat (>= 3.0.0), withr (>= 2.3.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## cartogram        "rgeos, sp, rgdal, maptools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## cellranger       "covr, testthat (>= 1.0.0), knitr, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## classInt         "spData (>= 0.2.6.2), units, knitr, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## cli              "callr, covr, digest, glue (>= 1.6.0), grDevices, htmltools,\nhtmlwidgets, knitr, methods, mockery, processx, ps (>=\n1.3.4.9000), rlang (>= 1.0.2.9003), rmarkdown, rprojroot,\nrstudioapi, testthat, tibble, whoami, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## clipr            "covr, knitr, rmarkdown, rstudioapi (>= 0.5), testthat (>=\n2.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## coda             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## colorspace       "datasets, utils, KernSmooth, MASS, kernlab, mvtnorm, vcd,\ntcltk, shiny, shinyjs, ggplot2, dplyr, scales, grid, png, jpeg,\nknitr, rmarkdown, RColorBrewer, rcartocolor, scico, viridis,\nwesanderson"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## contfrac         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## correlation      "BayesFactor, poorman, energy, ggplot2, ggraph, gt, Hmisc,\nknitr, lme4, mbend, polycor, ppcor, psych, rmarkdown, rmcorr,\nrstanarm, see, testthat (>= 3.1.0), tidygraph, wdm, WRS2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## covr             "R6, curl, knitr, rmarkdown, htmltools, DT (>= 0.2), testthat,\nrlang, rstudioapi (>= 0.2), xml2 (>= 1.0.0), parallel, memoise,\nmockery, covr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## cpp11            "bench, brio, callr, cli, covr, decor, desc, ggplot2, glue,\nknitr, lobstr, mockery, progress, rmarkdown, scales, Rcpp,\ntestthat, tibble, utils, vctrs, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## crayon           "mockery, rstudioapi, testthat, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## curl             "spelling, testthat (>= 1.0.0), knitr, jsonlite, rmarkdown,\nmagrittr, httpuv (>= 1.4.4), webutils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## data.table       "bit64 (>= 4.0.0), bit (>= 4.0.4), curl, R.utils, xts,\nnanotime, zoo (>= 1.8-1), yaml, knitr, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## datawizard       "bayestestR, boot, brms, data.table, dplyr (>= 1.0),\neffectsize, gamm4, ggplot2, haven, htmltools, httr, knitr,\nlme4, mediation, parameters, poorman (>= 0.2.6), psych, readxl,\nreadr, rio, rmarkdown, rstanarm, see, testthat (>= 3.1.0),\ntidyr, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## DBI              "blob, covr, DBItest, dbplyr, downlit, dplyr, glue, hms,\nknitr, magrittr, RMariaDB, rmarkdown, rprojroot, RSQLite (>=\n1.1-2), testthat, xml2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## dbplyr           "bit64, covr, knitr, Lahman, nycflights13, odbc, RMariaDB (>=\n1.0.2), rmarkdown, RPostgres (>= 1.1.3), RPostgreSQL, RSQLite\n(>= 2.1.0), testthat (>= 3.0.2), tidyr (>= 1.2.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## deldir           "polyclip"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## desc             "callr, covr, gh, spelling, testthat, whoami, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## deSolve          "scatterplot3d, FME"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## dichromat        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## diffobj          "knitr, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## digest           "tinytest, simplermarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## dplyr            "bench, broom, callr, covr, DBI, dbplyr (>= 1.4.3), ggplot2,\nknitr, Lahman, lobstr, microbenchmark, nycflights13, purrr,\nrmarkdown, RMySQL, RPostgreSQL, RSQLite, testthat (>= 3.1.1),\ntidyr, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## dtplyr           "bench, covr, knitr, rmarkdown, testthat (>= 3.0.0), tidyr (>=\n1.1.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## e1071            "cluster, mlbench, nnet, randomForest, rpart, SparseM, xtable,\nMatrix, MASS, slam"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## effectsize       "correlation (>= 0.8.2), see (>= 0.7.3), afex, BayesFactor,\nboot, brms, car, emmeans, knitr, lavaan, lme4, lmerTest, MASS,\nmgcv, parsnip, rmarkdown, rms, rstanarm, rstantools, testthat\n(>= 3.1.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## ellipsis         "covr, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## elliptic         "emulator, calibrator (>= 1.2-8)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## evaluate         "covr, ggplot2, lattice, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## extrafont        "fontcm"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## extrafontdb      NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## fansi            "unitizer, knitr, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## farver           "covr, testthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## fastmap          "testthat (>= 2.1.1)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## forcats          "covr, dplyr, ggplot2, knitr, readr, rmarkdown, testthat (>=\n3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## fs               "testthat, covr, pillar (>= 1.0.0), tibble (>= 1.1.0), crayon,\nrmarkdown, knitr, withr, spelling, vctrs (>= 0.3.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## gargle           "aws.ec2metadata, aws.signature, covr, httpuv, knitr, mockr,\nrmarkdown, sodium, spelling, testthat (>= 3.1.2)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## gcookbook        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## gdtools          "htmltools, testthat, fontquiver (>= 0.2.0), curl"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## generics         "covr, pkgload, testthat (>= 3.0.0), tibble, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## ggplot2          "covr, ragg, dplyr, ggplot2movies, hexbin, Hmisc, interp,\nknitr, lattice, mapproj, maps, maptools, multcomp, munsell,\nnlme, profvis, quantreg, RColorBrewer, rgeos, rmarkdown, rpart,\nsf (>= 0.7-3), svglite (>= 1.2.0.9001), testthat (>= 2.1.0),\nvdiffr (>= 1.0.0), xml2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## ggplot2movies    NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## ggrepel          "knitr, rmarkdown, testthat, gridExtra, devtools, prettydoc,\nggbeeswarm, dplyr, magrittr, readr, stringr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## ggridges         "covr, dplyr, patchwork, ggplot2movies, forcats, knitr,\nrmarkdown, testthat, vdiffr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## ggsignif         "knitr, rmarkdown, testthat, vdiffr (>= 1.0.2)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## ggstatsplot      "afex, BayesFactor (>= 0.9.12-4.4), gapminder, ggcorrplot,\nggside, knitr, lme4, MASS, metaBMA, metafor, metaplus,\nPMCMRplus, psych, rmarkdown, spelling, survival, testthat (>=\n3.1.4), tibble, vdiffr, WRS2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## glue             "covr, crayon, DBI, dplyr, forcats, ggplot2, knitr, magrittr,\nmicrobenchmark, R.utils, rmarkdown, rprintf, RSQLite, stringr,\ntestthat (>= 3.0.0), vctrs (>= 0.3.0), waldo (>= 0.3.0), withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## gmp              "Rmpfr, MASS, round"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## googledrive      "covr, curl, downlit, dplyr (>= 1.0.0), knitr, mockr,\nrmarkdown, roxygen2, sodium, spelling, testthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## googlesheets4    "covr, readr, rmarkdown, sodium, spelling, testthat (>=\n3.1.3), withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## gridExtra        "ggplot2, egg, lattice, knitr, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## gtable           "covr, testthat, knitr, rmarkdown, ggplot2, profvis"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## haven            "covr, crayon, fs, knitr, pillar (>= 1.4.0), rmarkdown,\ntestthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## hexbin           "marray, affy, Biobase, limma, knitr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## highr            "knitr, markdown, testit"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## hms              "crayon, lubridate, pillar (>= 1.1.0), testthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## hrbrthemes       "testthat, dplyr, gridExtra, hunspell, stringi, gcookbook,\nclipr, vdiffr, svglite"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## htmltools        "markdown, testthat, withr, Cairo, ragg, shiny"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## httr             "covr, httpuv, jpeg, knitr, png, readr, rmarkdown, testthat\n(>= 0.8.0), xml2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## hunspell         "spelling, testthat, pdftools, janeaustenr, wordcloud2, knitr,\nstopwords, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## hypergeo         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## ids              "knitr, rcorpora, rmarkdown, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## insight          "AER, afex, aod, BayesFactor, bayestestR, bbmle, bdsmatrix,\nbetareg, bife, biglm, blavaan, blme, boot, brms, censReg, cgam,\nclubSandwich, coxme, cplm, crch, datawizard, effectsize,\nemmeans, epiR, estimatr, feisr, fixest, fungible, gam, gamlss,\ngamm4, gbm, gee, geepack, GLMMadaptive, glmmTMB, gmnl, gt,\nhttr, ivreg, JM, knitr, lavaan, lavaSearch2, lfe, lme4,\nlmerTest, lmtest, logistf, logitr, MASS, marginaleffects,\nMatrix, mclogit, mclust, MCMCglmm, merTools, metaBMA, mgcv,\nmice, mlogit, mhurdle, multgee, nlme, nnet, nonnest2, ordinal,\npanelr, parameters, parsnip, pbkrtest, performance, plm,\npoorman, pscl, psych, quantreg, rmarkdown, rms, robustbase,\nrobustlmm, rstanarm (>= 2.21.1), rstantools, rstudioapi,\nsandwich, speedglm, splines, statmod, survey, survival,\ntestthat, truncreg, tweedie, VGAM"                                                                                                                                                      
## installr         "curl, XML, devtools, rjson, data.table, plyr, ggplot2, sp,\ntools, pkgbuild (>= 1.1.0), testthat (>= 2.1.0), mockery,\nR.utils"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## interp           "sp, Deriv, Ryacas, ggplot2, gridExtra, lattice, stringi,\nstringr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## isoband          "covr, ggplot2, knitr, magick, microbenchmark, rmarkdown, sf,\ntestthat, xml2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## jpeg             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## jquerylib        "testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## jsonlite         "httr, vctrs, testthat, knitr, rmarkdown, R.rsp, sf"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## knitr            "markdown, formatR, testit, digest, rgl (>= 0.95.1201),\ncodetools, rmarkdown, htmlwidgets (>= 0.7), webshot, tikzDevice\n(>= 0.10), tinytex, reticulate (>= 1.4), JuliaCall (>= 0.11.1),\nmagick, png, jpeg, gifski, xml2 (>= 1.2.0), httr, DBI (>=\n0.4-1), showtext, tibble, sass, bslib, ragg, gridSVG, styler\n(>= 1.2.0), targets (>= 0.6.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## kSamples         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## labeling         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## latticeExtra     "maps, mapproj, deldir, quantreg, zoo, mgcv"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## lazyeval         "knitr, rmarkdown (>= 0.2.65), testthat, covr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## lifecycle        "covr, crayon, knitr, lintr, rmarkdown, testthat (>= 3.0.1),\ntibble, tidyverse, tools, vctrs, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## lubridate        "covr, knitr, testthat (>= 2.1.0), vctrs (>= 0.3.0), rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## magrittr         "covr, knitr, rlang, rmarkdown, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## mapproj          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## maps             "mapproj (>= 1.2-0), mapdata (>= 2.3.0), sp, rnaturalearth"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## maptools         "rgeos (>= 0.1-8), spatstat.geom (>= 1.65-0), PBSmapping,\nmaps, RColorBrewer, raster, polyclip, plotrix, spatstat.linnet\n(>= 1.65-3), spatstat.utils (>= 1.19.0), spatstat (>= 2.0-0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## markdown         "knitr, RCurl"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## Matrix           "expm, MASS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## MatrixModels     NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## mc2d             "fitdistrplus, survival, testthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## memoise          "digest, aws.s3, covr, googleAuthR, googleCloudStorageR, httr,\ntestthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## mime             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## modelr           "compiler, covr, ggplot2, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## multcompView     "multcomp, pgirmess, MASS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## munsell          "ggplot2, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## mvtnorm          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## openssl          "curl, testthat (>= 2.1.0), digest, knitr, rmarkdown,\njsonlite, jose, sodium"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## packcircles      "ggiraph, ggplot2, knitr, rmarkdown, lpSolve"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## paletteer        "covr, ggplot2 (>= 3.3.0), ggthemes (>= 4.0.0), harrypotter\n(>= 2.1.0), knitr, oompaBase, palr, pals, rmarkdown, scico,\ntestthat (>= 2.1.0), vdiffr, viridisLite"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## palmerpenguins   "knitr, rmarkdown, tibble, ggplot2, dplyr, tidyr, recipes"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## parameters       "AER, afex, aod, BayesFactor, BayesFM, bbmle, betareg, biglm,\nblme, boot, brglm2, brms, broom, cAIC4, car, cgam,\nClassDiscovery, clubSandwich, cluster, cplm, dbscan, domir (>=\n0.2.0), drc, DRR, effectsize (>= 0.6.0), EGAnet (>= 0.7),\nemmeans (>= 1.7.0), factoextra, FactoMineR, fastICA, fixest,\nfpc, gam, gamlss, gee, geepack, ggplot2, GLMMadaptive, glmmTMB,\nGPArotation, gt, haven, httr, Hmisc, ivprobit, ivreg, knitr,\nlavaan, lavaSearch2, lfe, lm.beta, lme4, lmerTest, lmtest,\nlogspline, lqmm, M3C, magrittr, marginaleffects, MASS, Matrix,\nmclust, MCMCglmm, mediation, merDeriv, metaBMA, metafor, mfx,\nmgcv, mice, multcomp, MuMIn, NbClust, nFactors, nlme, nnet,\nopenxlsx, ordinal, panelr, pbkrtest, PCDimension, performance\n(>= 0.10.0), plm, PMCMRplus, poorman, posterior, PROreg, pscl,\npsych, pvclust, quantreg, randomForest, rmarkdown, rms,\nrstanarm, rsvd, sandwich, see (>= 0.6.9), sparsepca, survey,\nsurvival, testthat, TMB, truncreg, VGAM, WRS2"
## patchwork        "knitr, rmarkdown, gridGraphics, gridExtra, ragg, testthat (>=\n2.1.0), vdiffr, covr, png"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## pbapply          "shiny"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## performance      "AER, afex, BayesFactor, bayesplot, betareg, bigutilsr,\nblavaan, brms, car, CompQuadForm, correlation, cplm, dbscan,\nestimatr, fixest, forecast, gamm4, ggplot2, glmmTMB, httr, ICS,\nICSOutlier, ISLR, lavaan, lme4, lmtest, loo, magrittr, MASS,\nMatrix, mclust, metafor, mgcv, mlogit, multimode, nlme,\nnonnest2, ordinal, parallel, parameters, patchwork, poorman,\npscl, psych, randomForest, rmarkdown, rstanarm, rstantools,\nsandwich, see, survey, survival, testthat, tweedie, VGAM"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## permute          "vegan (>= 2.0-0), testthat (>= 0.5), parallel, knitr,\nrmarkdown, bookdown, sessioninfo"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## pillar           "bit64, debugme, DiagrammeR, dplyr, formattable, ggplot2,\nknitr, lubridate, nanotime, nycflights13, palmerpenguins,\nrmarkdown, scales, stringi, survival, testthat (>= 3.1.1),\ntibble, units (>= 0.7.2), vdiffr, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## pkgconfig        "covr, testthat, disposables (>= 1.0.3)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## pkgload          "bitops, covr, mathjaxr, pak, pkgbuild, Rcpp, remotes,\nrstudioapi, testthat (>= 3.1.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## plyr             "abind, covr, doParallel, foreach, iterators, itertools,\ntcltk, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## PMCMRplus        "xtable, graphics, knitr, rmarkdown, car, e1071, multcomp,\npwr, NSM3"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## png              NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## praise           "testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## prettyunits      "codetools, covr, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## prismatic        "covr, crayon, testthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## processx         "callr (>= 3.7.0), cli (>= 3.3.0), codetools, covr, curl,\ndebugme, parallel, rlang (>= 1.0.2), testthat (>= 3.0.0), withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## progress         "Rcpp, testthat, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## proxy            "cba"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## ps               "callr, covr, curl, pillar, pingr, processx (>= 3.1.0), R6,\nrlang, testthat (>= 3.0.0),"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## purrr            "covr, crayon, dplyr (>= 0.7.8), httr, knitr, rmarkdown,\ntestthat, tibble, tidyselect, vctrs"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## R6               "testthat, pryr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## rappdirs         "roxygen2, testthat (>= 3.0.0), covr, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## raster           "ncdf4, igraph, tcltk, parallel, rasterVis, MASS, sf,\ntinytest, gstat, fields, exactextractr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## rasterVis        "rgl, ggplot2, colorspace, dichromat, sf"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## RColorBrewer     NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## Rcpp             "tinytest, inline, rbenchmark, pkgKitten (>= 0.1.2)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## RcppEigen        "inline, tinytest, pkgKitten, microbenchmark"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## RcppParallel     "Rcpp, RUnit, knitr, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## readr            "covr, curl, datasets, knitr, rmarkdown, spelling, stringi,\ntestthat (>= 3.1.2), tzdb (>= 0.1.1), waldo, withr, xml2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## readxl           "knitr, rmarkdown, testthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## rematch          "covr, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## rematch2         "covr, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## reprex           "covr, fortunes, miniUI, mockr, rprojroot, sessioninfo, shiny,\nspelling, styler (>= 1.2.0), testthat (>= 3.0.2)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## reshape          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## rex              "covr, dplyr, ggplot2, Hmisc, knitr, magrittr, rmarkdown,\nroxygen2, rvest, stringr, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## rgdal            "knitr, DBI, RSQLite, maptools, mapview, rmarkdown, curl,\nrgeos"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## rlang            "cli (>= 3.1.0), covr, crayon, fs, glue, knitr, magrittr,\nmethods, pillar, rmarkdown, stats, testthat (>= 3.0.0), tibble,\nusethis, vctrs (>= 0.2.3), withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## rmarkdown        "digest, dygraphs, fs, rsconnect, downlit (>= 0.4.0), katex\n(>= 1.4.0), sass (>= 0.4.0), shiny (>= 1.6.0), testthat (>=\n3.0.3), tibble, tufte, vctrs, withr (>= 2.4.2)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## Rmpfr            "MASS, Bessel, polynom, sfsmisc (>= 1.0-20), Matrix"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## rprojroot        "covr, knitr, lifecycle, mockr, rmarkdown, testthat (>=\n3.0.0), withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## rstantools       "rstan (>= 2.17.2), usethis (>= 1.5.1), testthat (>= 2.0.0),\nknitr, pkgbuild, pkgload, roxygen2 (>= 6.0.1), rmarkdown,\nrstudioapi"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## rstudioapi       "testthat, knitr, rmarkdown, clipr, covr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## Rttf2pt1         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## rvest            "covr, knitr, readr, repurrrsive, rmarkdown, spelling, stringi\n(>= 0.3.1), testthat (>= 3.0.2), webfakes"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## s2               "testthat (>= 3.0.0), vctrs"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## sass             "testthat, knitr, rmarkdown, withr, shiny, curl"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## scales           "bit64, covr, dichromat, ggplot2, hms (>= 0.5.0), stringi,\ntestthat (>= 3.0.0), waldo (>= 0.4.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## selectr          "testthat, XML, xml2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
## sf               "blob, covr, dplyr (>= 0.8-3), ggplot2, knitr, lwgeom (>=\n0.2-1), maps, mapview, Matrix, microbenchmark, odbc, pbapply,\npillar, pool, raster, rlang, rmarkdown, RPostgres (>= 1.1.0),\nRPostgreSQL, RSQLite, sp (>= 1.2-4), spatstat (>= 2.0-1),\nspatstat.geom, spatstat.random, spatstat.linnet,\nspatstat.utils, stars (>= 0.2-0), terra, testthat, tibble (>=\n1.4.1), tidyr (>= 1.2.0), tidyselect (>= 1.0.0), tmap (>= 2.0),\nvctrs, wk"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## sm               "rgl, misc3d, interp, gam, tkrplot, rpanel (>= 1.1-4), tcltk"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## sp               "RColorBrewer, rgdal (>= 1.2-3), rgeos (>= 0.3-13), gstat,\nmaptools, deldir, knitr, rmarkdown, sf"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## statsExpressions "afex, ggplot2, knitr, metaBMA, metafor, metaplus, PMCMRplus,\npurrr, rmarkdown, spelling, survival, testthat (>= 3.1.4),\nutils, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## stringi          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## stringr          "covr, htmltools, htmlwidgets, knitr, rmarkdown, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## SuppDists        "RcppZiggurat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## svglite          "htmltools, testthat, xml2 (>= 1.0.0), covr, fontquiver (>=\n0.2.0), knitr, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## sys              "unix (>= 1.4), spelling, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## systemfonts      "testthat (>= 2.1.0), covr, knitr, rmarkdown, tools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## terra            "parallel, tinytest, ncdf4, sf (>= 0.9-8), deldir, XML,\nleaflet"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## testthat         "covr, curl (>= 0.9.5), diffviewer (>= 0.1.0), knitr, mockery,\nrmarkdown, rstudioapi, shiny, usethis, vctrs (>= 0.1.0), xml2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## tibble           "bench, bit64, blob, brio, callr, cli, covr, crayon (>=\n1.3.4), DiagrammeR, dplyr, evaluate, formattable, ggplot2, hms,\nhtmltools, knitr, lubridate, mockr, nycflights13, pkgbuild,\npkgload, purrr, rmarkdown, stringi, testthat (>= 3.0.2), tidyr,\nwithr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## tidyr            "covr, data.table, jsonlite, knitr, readr, repurrrsive (>=\n1.0.0), rmarkdown, testthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## tidyselect       "covr, crayon, dplyr, knitr, magrittr, rmarkdown, stringr,\ntestthat (>= 3.1.1), tibble (>= 2.1.3)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## tidyverse        "covr, feather, glue, knitr, rmarkdown, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## tinytex          "testit, rstudioapi"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## tzdb             "covr, testthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## units            "NISTunits, measurements, xml2, magrittr, pillar (>= 1.3.0),\ndplyr (>= 1.0.0), vctrs (>= 0.3.1), ggplot2 (> 3.2.1), testthat\n(>= 3.0.0), vdiffr, knitr, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## utf8             "cli, covr, knitr, rlang, rmarkdown, testthat (>= 3.0.0),\nwithr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## uuid             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## vctrs            "bit64, covr, crayon, dplyr (>= 0.8.5), generics, knitr,\npillar (>= 1.4.4), pkgdown (>= 2.0.1), rmarkdown, testthat (>=\n3.0.0), tibble (>= 3.1.3), withr, xml2, waldo (>= 0.2.0),\nzeallot"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## vdiffr           "covr, ggplot2 (>= 3.2.0), roxygen2, withr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## vegan            "parallel, tcltk, knitr, markdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## vioplot          "base, ggplot2, RColorBrewer, knitr, rmarkdown, testthat"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## viridis          "hexbin (>= 1.27.0), scales, MASS, knitr, dichromat,\ncolorspace, raster, rasterVis, httr, mapproj, vdiffr, svglite\n(>= 1.2.0), testthat, covr, rmarkdown, rgdal, maps"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## viridisLite      "hexbin (>= 1.27.0), ggplot2 (>= 1.0.1), testthat, covr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
## vroom            "archive, bench (>= 1.1.0), covr, curl, dplyr, forcats, fs,\nggplot2, knitr, patchwork, prettyunits, purrr, rmarkdown,\nrstudioapi, scales, spelling, testthat (>= 2.1.0), tidyr,\nutils, waldo, xml2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## waldo            "covr, R6, testthat (>= 3.0.0), withr, xml2"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## withr            "callr, covr, DBI, knitr, lattice, methods, rlang, rmarkdown\n(>= 2.12), RSQLite, testthat (>= 3.0.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## wk               "testthat (>= 3.0.0), vctrs (>= 0.3.0), sf, tibble, readr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## WRS2             "knitr, car, ggplot2, colorspace, mediation, GGally, codetools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## xfun             "testit, parallel, codetools, rstudioapi, tinytex (>= 0.30),\nmime, markdown, knitr, htmltools, remotes, pak, rhub, renv,\ncurl, jsonlite, magick, rmarkdown"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## xml2             "covr, curl, httr, knitr, magrittr, mockery, rmarkdown,\ntestthat (>= 2.1.0)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## yaml             "RUnit"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## zeallot          "testthat, knitr, rmarkdown, purrr, magrittr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
## zoo              "AER, coda, chron, ggplot2 (>= 3.0.0), mondate, scales,\nstinepack, strucchange, timeDate, timeSeries, tis, tseries, xts"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## base             "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## boot             "MASS, survival"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## class            NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## cluster          "MASS, Matrix"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
## codetools        NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## compiler         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## datasets         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## foreign          NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## graphics         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## grDevices        "KernSmooth"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## grid             NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## KernSmooth       "MASS, carData"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## lattice          "KernSmooth, MASS, latticeExtra"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## MASS             "lattice, nlme, nnet, survival"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
## Matrix           "expm, MASS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
## methods          "codetools"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
## mgcv             "parallel, survival, MASS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## nlme             "Hmisc, MASS, SASmixed"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
## nnet             "MASS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## parallel         "methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
## rpart            "survival"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## spatial          "MASS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
## splines          "Matrix, methods"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
## stats            "MASS, Matrix, SuppDists, methods, stats4"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
## stats4           NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## survival         NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## tcltk            NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## tools            "codetools, methods, xml2, curl, commonmark, knitr, xfun,\nmathjaxr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
## translations     NA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## utils            "methods, xml2, commonmark, knitr"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
##                  Enhances                                                             
## askpass          NA                                                                   
## assertthat       NA                                                                   
## backports        NA                                                                   
## base64enc        "png"                                                                
## BayesFactor      NA                                                                   
## bayestestR       NA                                                                   
## bit              NA                                                                   
## bit64            NA                                                                   
## blob             NA                                                                   
## brio             NA                                                                   
## broom            NA                                                                   
## bslib            NA                                                                   
## BWStest          NA                                                                   
## cachem           NA                                                                   
## callr            NA                                                                   
## cartogram        NA                                                                   
## cellranger       NA                                                                   
## classInt         NA                                                                   
## cli              NA                                                                   
## clipr            NA                                                                   
## coda             NA                                                                   
## colorspace       NA                                                                   
## contfrac         NA                                                                   
## correlation      NA                                                                   
## covr             NA                                                                   
## cpp11            NA                                                                   
## crayon           NA                                                                   
## curl             NA                                                                   
## data.table       NA                                                                   
## datawizard       NA                                                                   
## DBI              NA                                                                   
## dbplyr           NA                                                                   
## deldir           NA                                                                   
## desc             NA                                                                   
## deSolve          NA                                                                   
## dichromat        NA                                                                   
## diffobj          NA                                                                   
## digest           NA                                                                   
## dplyr            NA                                                                   
## dtplyr           NA                                                                   
## e1071            NA                                                                   
## effectsize       NA                                                                   
## ellipsis         NA                                                                   
## elliptic         NA                                                                   
## evaluate         NA                                                                   
## extrafont        NA                                                                   
## extrafontdb      NA                                                                   
## fansi            NA                                                                   
## farver           NA                                                                   
## fastmap          NA                                                                   
## forcats          NA                                                                   
## fs               NA                                                                   
## gargle           NA                                                                   
## gcookbook        NA                                                                   
## gdtools          NA                                                                   
## generics         NA                                                                   
## ggplot2          "sp"                                                                 
## ggplot2movies    NA                                                                   
## ggrepel          NA                                                                   
## ggridges         NA                                                                   
## ggsignif         NA                                                                   
## ggstatsplot      NA                                                                   
## glue             NA                                                                   
## gmp              NA                                                                   
## googledrive      NA                                                                   
## googlesheets4    NA                                                                   
## gridExtra        NA                                                                   
## gtable           NA                                                                   
## haven            NA                                                                   
## hexbin           NA                                                                   
## highr            NA                                                                   
## hms              NA                                                                   
## hrbrthemes       NA                                                                   
## htmltools        "knitr"                                                              
## httr             NA                                                                   
## hunspell         NA                                                                   
## hypergeo         NA                                                                   
## ids              NA                                                                   
## insight          NA                                                                   
## installr         NA                                                                   
## interp           "RcppEigen"                                                          
## isoband          NA                                                                   
## jpeg             NA                                                                   
## jquerylib        NA                                                                   
## jsonlite         NA                                                                   
## knitr            NA                                                                   
## kSamples         NA                                                                   
## labeling         NA                                                                   
## latticeExtra     NA                                                                   
## lazyeval         NA                                                                   
## lifecycle        NA                                                                   
## lubridate        "chron, timeDate, tis, zoo"                                          
## magrittr         NA                                                                   
## mapproj          NA                                                                   
## maps             NA                                                                   
## maptools         "gpclib"                                                             
## markdown         NA                                                                   
## Matrix           "MatrixModels, graph, SparseM, sfsmisc, igraph, maptools, sp,\nspdep"
## MatrixModels     NA                                                                   
## mc2d             NA                                                                   
## memoise          NA                                                                   
## mime             NA                                                                   
## modelr           NA                                                                   
## multcompView     NA                                                                   
## munsell          NA                                                                   
## mvtnorm          NA                                                                   
## openssl          NA                                                                   
## packcircles      NA                                                                   
## paletteer        NA                                                                   
## palmerpenguins   NA                                                                   
## parameters       NA                                                                   
## patchwork        NA                                                                   
## pbapply          NA                                                                   
## performance      NA                                                                   
## permute          NA                                                                   
## pillar           NA                                                                   
## pkgconfig        NA                                                                   
## pkgload          NA                                                                   
## plyr             NA                                                                   
## PMCMRplus        NA                                                                   
## png              NA                                                                   
## praise           NA                                                                   
## prettyunits      NA                                                                   
## prismatic        NA                                                                   
## processx         NA                                                                   
## progress         NA                                                                   
## proxy            NA                                                                   
## ps               NA                                                                   
## purrr            NA                                                                   
## R6               NA                                                                   
## rappdirs         NA                                                                   
## raster           NA                                                                   
## rasterVis        NA                                                                   
## RColorBrewer     NA                                                                   
## Rcpp             NA                                                                   
## RcppEigen        NA                                                                   
## RcppParallel     NA                                                                   
## readr            NA                                                                   
## readxl           NA                                                                   
## rematch          NA                                                                   
## rematch2         NA                                                                   
## reprex           NA                                                                   
## reshape          NA                                                                   
## rex              NA                                                                   
## rgdal            NA                                                                   
## rlang            "winch"                                                              
## rmarkdown        NA                                                                   
## Rmpfr            "dfoptim, pracma"                                                    
## rprojroot        NA                                                                   
## rstantools       NA                                                                   
## rstudioapi       NA                                                                   
## Rttf2pt1         NA                                                                   
## rvest            NA                                                                   
## s2               NA                                                                   
## sass             NA                                                                   
## scales           NA                                                                   
## selectr          NA                                                                   
## sf               NA                                                                   
## sm               NA                                                                   
## sp               NA                                                                   
## statsExpressions NA                                                                   
## stringi          NA                                                                   
## stringr          NA                                                                   
## SuppDists        NA                                                                   
## svglite          NA                                                                   
## sys              NA                                                                   
## systemfonts      NA                                                                   
## terra            NA                                                                   
## testthat         NA                                                                   
## tibble           NA                                                                   
## tidyr            NA                                                                   
## tidyselect       NA                                                                   
## tidyverse        NA                                                                   
## tinytex          NA                                                                   
## tzdb             NA                                                                   
## units            NA                                                                   
## utf8             NA                                                                   
## uuid             NA                                                                   
## vctrs            NA                                                                   
## vdiffr           NA                                                                   
## vegan            NA                                                                   
## vioplot          NA                                                                   
## viridis          NA                                                                   
## viridisLite      NA                                                                   
## vroom            NA                                                                   
## waldo            NA                                                                   
## withr            NA                                                                   
## wk               NA                                                                   
## WRS2             NA                                                                   
## xfun             NA                                                                   
## xml2             NA                                                                   
## yaml             NA                                                                   
## zeallot          NA                                                                   
## zoo              NA                                                                   
## base             NA                                                                   
## boot             NA                                                                   
## class            NA                                                                   
## cluster          NA                                                                   
## codetools        NA                                                                   
## compiler         NA                                                                   
## datasets         NA                                                                   
## foreign          NA                                                                   
## graphics         NA                                                                   
## grDevices        NA                                                                   
## grid             NA                                                                   
## KernSmooth       NA                                                                   
## lattice          "chron"                                                              
## MASS             NA                                                                   
## Matrix           "MatrixModels, graph, SparseM, sfsmisc, igraph, maptools, sp,\nspdep"
## methods          NA                                                                   
## mgcv             NA                                                                   
## nlme             NA                                                                   
## nnet             NA                                                                   
## parallel         "snow, nws, Rmpi"                                                    
## rpart            NA                                                                   
## spatial          NA                                                                   
## splines          NA                                                                   
## stats            NA                                                                   
## stats4           NA                                                                   
## survival         NA                                                                   
## tcltk            NA                                                                   
## tools            NA                                                                   
## translations     NA                                                                   
## utils            NA                                                                   
##                  License                                  License_is_FOSS
## askpass          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## assertthat       "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## backports        "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## base64enc        "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## BayesFactor      "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## bayestestR       "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## bit              "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## bit64            "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## blob             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## brio             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## broom            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## bslib            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## BWStest          "LGPL-3"                                 NA             
## cachem           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## callr            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## cartogram        "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## cellranger       "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## classInt         "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## cli              "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## clipr            "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## coda             "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## colorspace       "BSD_3_clause + file LICENSE"            NA             
## contfrac         "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## correlation      "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## covr             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## cpp11            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## crayon           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## curl             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## data.table       "MPL-2.0 | file LICENSE"                 NA             
## datawizard       "GPL (>= 3)"                             NA             
## DBI              "LGPL (>= 2.1)"                          NA             
## dbplyr           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## deldir           "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## desc             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## deSolve          "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## dichromat        "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## diffobj          "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## digest           "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## dplyr            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## dtplyr           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## e1071            "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## effectsize       "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## ellipsis         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## elliptic         "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## evaluate         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## extrafont        "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## extrafontdb      "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## fansi            "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## farver           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## fastmap          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## forcats          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## fs               "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## gargle           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## gcookbook        "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## gdtools          "GPL-3 | file LICENSE"                   NA             
## generics         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## ggplot2          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## ggplot2movies    "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## ggrepel          "GPL-3 | file LICENSE"                   NA             
## ggridges         "GPL-2 | file LICENSE"                   NA             
## ggsignif         "GPL-3 | file LICENSE"                   NA             
## ggstatsplot      "GPL-3 | file LICENSE"                   NA             
## glue             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## gmp              "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## googledrive      "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## googlesheets4    "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## gridExtra        "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## gtable           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## haven            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## hexbin           "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## highr            "GPL"                                    NA             
## hms              "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## hrbrthemes       "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## htmltools        "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## httr             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## hunspell         "GPL-2 | LGPL-2.1 | MPL-1.1"             NA             
## hypergeo         "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## ids              "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## insight          "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## installr         "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## interp           "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## isoband          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## jpeg             "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## jquerylib        "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## jsonlite         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## knitr            "GPL"                                    NA             
## kSamples         "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## labeling         "MIT + file LICENSE | Unlimited"         NA             
## latticeExtra     "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## lazyeval         "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## lifecycle        "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## lubridate        "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## magrittr         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## mapproj          "Lucent Public License"                  NA             
## maps             "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## maptools         "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## markdown         "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## Matrix           "GPL (>= 2) | file LICENCE"              NA             
## MatrixModels     "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## mc2d             "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## memoise          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## mime             "GPL"                                    NA             
## modelr           "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## multcompView     "GPL"                                    NA             
## munsell          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## mvtnorm          "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## openssl          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## packcircles      "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## paletteer        "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## palmerpenguins   "CC0"                                    NA             
## parameters       "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## patchwork        "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## pbapply          "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## performance      "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## permute          "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## pillar           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## pkgconfig        "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## pkgload          "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## plyr             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## PMCMRplus        "GPL (>= 3)"                             NA             
## png              "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## praise           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## prettyunits      "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## prismatic        "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## processx         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## progress         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## proxy            "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## ps               "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## purrr            "GPL-3 | file LICENSE"                   NA             
## R6               "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## rappdirs         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## raster           "GPL (>= 3)"                             NA             
## rasterVis        "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## RColorBrewer     "Apache License 2.0"                     NA             
## Rcpp             "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## RcppEigen        "GPL (>= 2) | file LICENSE"              NA             
## RcppParallel     "GPL (>= 3)"                             NA             
## readr            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## readxl           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## rematch          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## rematch2         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## reprex           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## reshape          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## rex              "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## rgdal            "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## rlang            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## rmarkdown        "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## Rmpfr            "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## rprojroot        "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## rstantools       "GPL (>= 3)"                             NA             
## rstudioapi       "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## Rttf2pt1         "file LICENSE"                           "yes"          
## rvest            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## s2               "Apache License (== 2.0)"                NA             
## sass             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## scales           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## selectr          "BSD_3_clause + file LICENCE"            NA             
## sf               "GPL-2 | MIT + file LICENSE"             NA             
## sm               "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## sp               "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## statsExpressions "GPL-3 | file LICENSE"                   NA             
## stringi          "file LICENSE"                           NA             
## stringr          "GPL-2 | file LICENSE"                   NA             
## SuppDists        "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## svglite          "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## sys              "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## systemfonts      "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## terra            "GPL (>= 3)"                             NA             
## testthat         "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## tibble           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## tidyr            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## tidyselect       "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## tidyverse        "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## tinytex          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## tzdb             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## units            "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## utf8             "Apache License (== 2.0) | file LICENSE" NA             
## uuid             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## vctrs            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## vdiffr           "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## vegan            "GPL-2"                                  NA             
## vioplot          "BSD_3_clause + file LICENSE"            NA             
## viridis          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## viridisLite      "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## vroom            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## waldo            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## withr            "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## wk               "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## WRS2             "GPL-3"                                  NA             
## xfun             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## xml2             "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## yaml             "BSD_3_clause + file LICENSE"            NA             
## zeallot          "MIT + file LICENSE"                     NA             
## zoo              "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## base             "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## boot             "Unlimited"                              NA             
## class            "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## cluster          "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## codetools        "GPL"                                    NA             
## compiler         "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## datasets         "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## foreign          "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## graphics         "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## grDevices        "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## grid             "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## KernSmooth       "Unlimited"                              NA             
## lattice          "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## MASS             "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## Matrix           "GPL (>= 2) | file LICENCE"              NA             
## methods          "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## mgcv             "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## nlme             "GPL (>= 2)"                             NA             
## nnet             "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## parallel         "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## rpart            "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## spatial          "GPL-2 | GPL-3"                          NA             
## splines          "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## stats            "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## stats4           "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## survival         "LGPL (>= 2)"                            NA             
## tcltk            "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## tools            "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## translations     "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
## utils            "Part of R 4.2.1"                        NA             
##                  License_restricts_use OS_type MD5sum NeedsCompilation Built  
## askpass          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## assertthat       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## backports        NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.0"
## base64enc        NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.0"
## BayesFactor      NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## bayestestR       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## bit              NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## bit64            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## blob             NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## brio             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## broom            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## bslib            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## BWStest          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## cachem           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## callr            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## cartogram        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## cellranger       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## classInt         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## cli              NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## clipr            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## coda             NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## colorspace       NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## contfrac         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.0"
## correlation      NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## covr             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## cpp11            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## crayon           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## curl             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## data.table       NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## datawizard       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## DBI              NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## dbplyr           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## deldir           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.0"
## desc             NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## deSolve          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## dichromat        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.0"
## diffobj          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## digest           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## dplyr            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## dtplyr           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## e1071            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## effectsize       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## ellipsis         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## elliptic         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## evaluate         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## extrafont        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## extrafontdb      NA                    NA      NA     NA               "4.2.0"
## fansi            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## farver           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## fastmap          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## forcats          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## fs               NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## gargle           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## gcookbook        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.0"
## gdtools          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## generics         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## ggplot2          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## ggplot2movies    NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.0"
## ggrepel          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## ggridges         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## ggsignif         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## ggstatsplot      NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## glue             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## gmp              NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## googledrive      NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## googlesheets4    NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## gridExtra        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## gtable           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## haven            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## hexbin           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## highr            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## hms              NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## hrbrthemes       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## htmltools        NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## httr             NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## hunspell         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## hypergeo         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## ids              NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## insight          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## installr         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## interp           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## isoband          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## jpeg             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.0"
## jquerylib        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## jsonlite         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## knitr            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## kSamples         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## labeling         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.0"
## latticeExtra     NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## lazyeval         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## lifecycle        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## lubridate        NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## magrittr         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## mapproj          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## maps             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## maptools         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## markdown         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## Matrix           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## MatrixModels     NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## mc2d             NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## memoise          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## mime             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.0"
## modelr           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## multcompView     NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## munsell          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## mvtnorm          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.0"
## openssl          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## packcircles      NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## paletteer        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## palmerpenguins   NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## parameters       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## patchwork        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## pbapply          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## performance      NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## permute          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## pillar           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## pkgconfig        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## pkgload          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## plyr             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## PMCMRplus        NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## png              NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.0"
## praise           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## prettyunits      NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## prismatic        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## processx         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## progress         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## proxy            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## ps               NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## purrr            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## R6               NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## rappdirs         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## raster           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## rasterVis        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## RColorBrewer     NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.0"
## Rcpp             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## RcppEigen        NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## RcppParallel     NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## readr            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## readxl           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## rematch          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## rematch2         NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## reprex           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## reshape          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## rex              NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## rgdal            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## rlang            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## rmarkdown        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## Rmpfr            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## rprojroot        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## rstantools       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## rstudioapi       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## Rttf2pt1         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## rvest            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## s2               NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## sass             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## scales           NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## selectr          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## sf               NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## sm               NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## sp               NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## statsExpressions NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## stringi          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## stringr          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## SuppDists        NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## svglite          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## sys              NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## systemfonts      NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## terra            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## testthat         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## tibble           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## tidyr            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## tidyselect       NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## tidyverse        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## tinytex          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## tzdb             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## units            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## utf8             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## uuid             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.0"
## vctrs            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## vdiffr           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## vegan            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## vioplot          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## viridis          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## viridisLite      NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## vroom            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## waldo            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## withr            NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## wk               NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## WRS2             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## xfun             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## xml2             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## yaml             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## zeallot          NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## zoo              NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## base             NA                    NA      NA     NA               "4.2.1"
## boot             NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## class            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## cluster          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## codetools        NA                    NA      NA     "no"             "4.2.1"
## compiler         NA                    NA      NA     NA               "4.2.1"
## datasets         NA                    NA      NA     NA               "4.2.1"
## foreign          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## graphics         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## grDevices        NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## grid             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## KernSmooth       NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## lattice          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## MASS             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## Matrix           NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## methods          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## mgcv             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## nlme             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## nnet             NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## parallel         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## rpart            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## spatial          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## splines          NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## stats            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## stats4           NA                    NA      NA     NA               "4.2.1"
## survival         NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## tcltk            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## tools            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
## translations     NA                    NA      NA     NA               "4.2.1"
## utils            NA                    NA      NA     "yes"            "4.2.1"
#install.packages("vegan", dependencies=TRUE)
library(vegan)
## Loading required package: permute
## Loading required package: lattice
## This is vegan 2.6-2
#remove.packages("vegan")

Project Management

  1. Set up management structure (i.e., “data”, “src”, “results”, “doc”)
  2. Discuss avoiding redundancy of files
  3. Make sure to use version control (i.e., Git)

Getting Help

?plot
## starting httpd help server ... done
help(plot)
?"<-"
vignette("FAQ-vegan")
citation("vegan")
## 
## To cite package 'vegan' in publications use:
## 
##   Oksanen J, Simpson G, Blanchet F, Kindt R, Legendre P, Minchin P,
##   O'Hara R, Solymos P, Stevens M, Szoecs E, Wagner H, Barbour M,
##   Bedward M, Bolker B, Borcard D, Carvalho G, Chirico M, De Caceres M,
##   Durand S, Evangelista H, FitzJohn R, Friendly M, Furneaux B, Hannigan
##   G, Hill M, Lahti L, McGlinn D, Ouellette M, Ribeiro Cunha E, Smith T,
##   Stier A, Ter Braak C, Weedon J (2022). _vegan: Community Ecology
##   Package_. R package version 2.6-2,
##   <https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan>.
## 
## A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is
## 
##   @Manual{,
##     title = {vegan: Community Ecology Package},
##     author = {Jari Oksanen and Gavin L. Simpson and F. Guillaume Blanchet and Roeland Kindt and Pierre Legendre and Peter R. Minchin and R.B. O'Hara and Peter Solymos and M. Henry H. Stevens and Eduard Szoecs and Helene Wagner and Matt Barbour and Michael Bedward and Ben Bolker and Daniel Borcard and Gustavo Carvalho and Michael Chirico and Miquel {De Caceres} and Sebastien Durand and Heloisa Beatriz Antoniazi Evangelista and Rich FitzJohn and Michael Friendly and Brendan Furneaux and Geoffrey Hannigan and Mark O. Hill and Leo Lahti and Dan McGlinn and Marie-Helene Ouellette and Eduardo {Ribeiro Cunha} and Tyler Smith and Adrian Stier and Cajo J.F. {Ter Braak} and James Weedon},
##     year = {2022},
##     note = {R package version 2.6-2},
##     url = {https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan},
##   }

Data and their formats

cats <- data.frame(coat = c("calico","black","tabby"),
                   weight = c(2.1,5,3.2),
                   likes_string = c(1,0,1))
cats
getwd()
## [1] "C:/Users/msbre/OneDrive/Documents/biol48006220_Fall2022/practcomp_2022"
write.csv(cats, file = "./data/cats.csv")
cats <- read.csv("./data/cats.csv")
cats$coat
## [1] "calico" "black"  "tabby"
cats$weight
## [1] 2.1 5.0 3.2
cats$weight*10
## [1] 21 50 32
log(cats$weight)
## [1] 0.7419373 1.6094379 1.1631508
logweight <- log(cats$weight)
cbind(cats,logweight)
cats <- cbind(cats,logweight)
cats
paste("My cat is ", cats$coat, ", and it weighs ", cats$weight, " kg.", sep="")
## [1] "My cat is calico, and it weighs 2.1 kg."
## [2] "My cat is black, and it weighs 5 kg."   
## [3] "My cat is tabby, and it weighs 3.2 kg."

Data Types

typeof(cats$coat)
## [1] "character"
typeof(cats$weight)
## [1] "double"
typeof(cats$likes_string)
## [1] "integer"
typeof(3.14159)
## [1] "double"
typeof(1i)
## [1] "complex"
typeof(FALSE)
## [1] "logical"
typeof(TRUE)
## [1] "logical"
typeof(T)
## [1] "logical"
typeof(F)
## [1] "logical"
typeof(cats)
## [1] "list"
class(cats)
## [1] "data.frame"
file.show("./data/cats.csv")
cats$likes_string <- as.logical(cats$likes_string)
typeof(cats$likes_string)
## [1] "logical"
cats$likes_string
## [1]  TRUE FALSE  TRUE
c("a", "b")
## [1] "a" "b"
ab <- c("a", "b")
ab
## [1] "a" "b"
c(ab,"c")
## [1] "a" "b" "c"
c(ab, ab)
## [1] "a" "b" "a" "b"
1:10
##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
seq(10)
##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
z <- seq(10)
head(z, n=3)
## [1] 1 2 3
length(z)
## [1] 10
class(z)
## [1] "integer"
typeof(z)
## [1] "integer"
seq(70,100, by=5)
## [1]  70  75  80  85  90  95 100

Data Frames

cats
str(cats$coat)
##  chr [1:3] "calico" "black" "tabby"
coats <- c("tabby", "tortoiseshell", "tortoiseshell", "black", "tabby")
coats
## [1] "tabby"         "tortoiseshell" "tortoiseshell" "black"        
## [5] "tabby"
str(coats)
##  chr [1:5] "tabby" "tortoiseshell" "tortoiseshell" "black" "tabby"
factor(coats)
## [1] tabby         tortoiseshell tortoiseshell black         tabby        
## Levels: black tabby tortoiseshell
categories <- factor(coats)
class(coats)
## [1] "character"
class(categories)
## [1] "factor"
str(categories)
##  Factor w/ 3 levels "black","tabby",..: 2 3 3 1 2

Lists

list_example <- list(title="Numbers", numbers = 1:10, data=TRUE)
list_example
## $title
## [1] "Numbers"
## 
## $numbers
##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
## 
## $data
## [1] TRUE
another_list <- list(1,"a",TRUE,1+1i)
another_list
## [[1]]
## [1] 1
## 
## [[2]]
## [1] "a"
## 
## [[3]]
## [1] TRUE
## 
## [[4]]
## [1] 1+1i
typeof(list_example)
## [1] "list"
class(list_example)
## [1] "list"
typeof(cats)
## [1] "list"
class(cats)
## [1] "data.frame"
data.frame(list_example)
cats
cats[,3]
## [1] 2.1 5.0 3.2
cats[3,]
cats[2:3,c(1,3)]

Matricies

matrix_example <- matrix(0, ncol=5, nrow=3)
matrix_example
##      [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
## [1,]    0    0    0    0    0
## [2,]    0    0    0    0    0
## [3,]    0    0    0    0    0
class(matrix_example)
## [1] "matrix" "array"
typeof(matrix_example)
## [1] "double"
str(matrix_example)
##  num [1:3, 1:5] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
dim(matrix_example)
## [1] 3 5
ncol(matrix_example)
## [1] 5
nrow(matrix_example)
## [1] 3
class(data.frame(matrix_example))
## [1] "data.frame"
df_example <- data.frame(matrix_example)
df_example

Subsetting

p <- c(2.3,6.9,4.0,23,1)
p
## [1]  2.3  6.9  4.0 23.0  1.0
names(p) <- c('a','b','c','d','e')
p
##    a    b    c    d    e 
##  2.3  6.9  4.0 23.0  1.0
p[1]
##   a 
## 2.3
p[2:4]
##    b    c    d 
##  6.9  4.0 23.0
p[c(1,5)]
##   a   e 
## 2.3 1.0
p[c(1,1,1,3,5,5)]
##   a   a   a   c   e   e 
## 2.3 2.3 2.3 4.0 1.0 1.0
p[6]
## <NA> 
##   NA
p[-3]
##    a    b    d    e 
##  2.3  6.9 23.0  1.0
p[c(-1,-5)]
##    b    c    d 
##  6.9  4.0 23.0
p[-(2:4)]
##   a   e 
## 2.3 1.0
p[c('a','c')]
##   a   c 
## 2.3 4.0
p[c(T,F,T,F,T)]
##   a   c   e 
## 2.3 4.0 1.0
p[names(p) != 'c']
##    a    b    d    e 
##  2.3  6.9 23.0  1.0

Factors

f <- factor(c('a','b','c','d','e'))
f
## [1] a b c d e
## Levels: a b c d e
f[f == 'a']
## [1] a
## Levels: a b c d e
f[1:3]
## [1] a b c
## Levels: a b c d e
f[f %in% c('b','c')]
## [1] b c
## Levels: a b c d e
f[-3]
## [1] a b d e
## Levels: a b c d e
f2 <- factor(c('a','a','b','c','c'))
f2
## [1] a a b c c
## Levels: a b c
f2[f2 == 'a']
## [1] a a
## Levels: a b c
f2[f2 %in% c('a','c')]
## [1] a a c c
## Levels: a b c

Matricies Resumed

set.seed(65)
m <- matrix(rnorm(6*4), ncol=4, nrow=6)
m
##            [,1]       [,2]       [,3]        [,4]
## [1,] -1.1968205 -0.3943568  0.4232027 -2.34367583
## [2,] -0.9516674 -1.2484030 -1.8461725 -0.77605977
## [3,]  0.2786364 -0.6521289 -0.2456747 -2.16173144
## [4,] -1.4449411 -1.1707346  1.2538299  0.05701057
## [5,]  0.8216518  0.3604497  1.5633419 -0.24867199
## [6,]  1.2470188  1.2302708 -1.2644661 -0.07830796
m[3:4, c(3,1)]
##            [,1]       [,2]
## [1,] -0.2456747  0.2786364
## [2,]  1.2538299 -1.4449411
m[,c(3,4)]
##            [,1]        [,2]
## [1,]  0.4232027 -2.34367583
## [2,] -1.8461725 -0.77605977
## [3,] -0.2456747 -2.16173144
## [4,]  1.2538299  0.05701057
## [5,]  1.5633419 -0.24867199
## [6,] -1.2644661 -0.07830796

List Revisited

xlist <- list(a="BIOL48006220",b=seq(1,10,by = 0.5), data="Grade")
xlist
## $a
## [1] "BIOL48006220"
## 
## $b
##  [1]  1.0  1.5  2.0  2.5  3.0  3.5  4.0  4.5  5.0  5.5  6.0  6.5  7.0  7.5  8.0
## [16]  8.5  9.0  9.5 10.0
## 
## $data
## [1] "Grade"
xlist[1:2]
## $a
## [1] "BIOL48006220"
## 
## $b
##  [1]  1.0  1.5  2.0  2.5  3.0  3.5  4.0  4.5  5.0  5.5  6.0  6.5  7.0  7.5  8.0
## [16]  8.5  9.0  9.5 10.0
xlist['a']
## $a
## [1] "BIOL48006220"
xlist[['a']]
## [1] "BIOL48006220"
xlist['b']
## $b
##  [1]  1.0  1.5  2.0  2.5  3.0  3.5  4.0  4.5  5.0  5.5  6.0  6.5  7.0  7.5  8.0
## [16]  8.5  9.0  9.5 10.0
xlist[['b']]
##  [1]  1.0  1.5  2.0  2.5  3.0  3.5  4.0  4.5  5.0  5.5  6.0  6.5  7.0  7.5  8.0
## [16]  8.5  9.0  9.5 10.0
xlist$b
##  [1]  1.0  1.5  2.0  2.5  3.0  3.5  4.0  4.5  5.0  5.5  6.0  6.5  7.0  7.5  8.0
## [16]  8.5  9.0  9.5 10.0

Data Frames Revisited

gp <- read.csv('./data/forest_area_sq_km.csv')
head(gp, n=10L)
head(gp[3], n=10L)
nrow(gp)
## [1] 214
head(gp[["country"]], 10L)
##  [1] "Aruba"                "Afghanistan"          "Angola"              
##  [4] "Albania"              "Andorra"              "United Arab Emirates"
##  [7] "Argentina"            "Armenia"              "American Samoa"      
## [10] "Antigua and Barbuda"
gp$X2001
##   [1] "4.2"   "12.1k" "766k"  "7720"  "160"   "3110"  "327k"  "3320"  "177"  
##  [10] "93.2"  "1.31M" "38.4k" "9960"  "1940"  "6720"  "40.4k" "71.2k" "19.1k"
##  [19] "34.5k" "4"     "5100"  "21.1k" "83.4k" "14.5k" "10"    "547k"  "5.43M"
##  [28] "63"    "3940"  "26.3k" "174k"  "228k"  "3.48M" "8.68"  "12k"   "160k" 
##  [37] "1.82M" "48.7k" "215k"  "1.43M" "222k"  "623k"  "408"   "403"   "28.6k"
##  [46] "25.3k" "129"   "1720"  "26.4k" "114k"  "56"    "479"   "5750"  "19.9k"
##  [55] "16.5k" "136k"  "605"   "11.1k" "174k"  "22.6k" "184k"  "224k"  "10.2k"
##  [64] "155k"  "0.8"   "639"   "237k"  "34.6"  "29.8k" "27.7k" "86.7k" "0"    
##  [73] "68.6k" "3460"  "21.3k" "26k"   "36.6k" "177"   "2.2"   "41.1k" "240"  
##  [82] "186k"  "67.4k" "18.9k" "3800"  "19.5k" "1.01M" "680k"  "6480"  "96k"  
##  [91] "8190"  "328"   "1530"  "85k"   "5280"  "975"   "249k"  "31.4k" "38.9k"
## [100] "11.9k" "107k"  "11.8"  "110"   "64.6k" "51.3"  "173k"  "1380"  "81.6k"
## [109] "2170"  "210"   "67"    "21.5k" "345"   "20.5k" "871"   "32.7k" "10"   
## [118] "55.4k" "0"     "3500"  "129k"  "8.2"   "681k"  "94"    "9580"  "133k" 
## [127] "3.5"   "342k"  "6260"  "142k"  "316"   "407k"  "4110"  "412"   "30k"  
## [136] "195k"  "79.2k" "8380"  "13k"   "246k"  "51.6k" "3620"  ""      "121k" 
## [145] "58.2k" "0"     "98.5k" "30"    "44.3k" "44.2k" "750k"  "72.2k" "398"  
## [154] "363k"  "91.1k" "4420"  "64.1k" "32.8k" "223k"  "91.2"  "1490"  "0"    
## [163] "64k"   "8.1M"  "2830"  "9770"  ""      "87.8k" "172"   "25.4k" "28.9k"
## [172] "6650"  "10"    "73.6k" "24.8k" ""      "583"   "153k"  "19k"   "12.4k"
## [181] "281k"  "4760"  ""      "337"   "4440"  "105"   "61.9k" "12.6k" "192k" 
## [190] "4100"  "41.3k" "9460"  "89.5"  "2360"  "6720"  "203k"  "10"    "529k" 
## [199] "30.8k" "95.2k" "14.4k" "3.05M" "30.4k" "285"   "488k"  "36.6"  "201"  
## [208] "121k"  "4420"  "1700"  "5490"  "177k"  "470k"  "183k"
gp[c(1,3), 2:5]
gp[ which(gp$X1989 <= 100 & gp$X2019 >= 100),]

Conditionals and Flow

n <- 10

if (n < 10) {
  print("n is less than 10")
} else if (n > 10) {
  print("n is greater than 10")
} else {
  print("n is equal to 10")
}
## [1] "n is equal to 10"
for (n in seq(0,20)) {
  if (n < 10) {
    print("n is less than 10")
  } else if (n > 10) {
    print("n is greater than 10")
  } else {
    print("n is equal to 10")
  }
}
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is less than 10"
## [1] "n is equal to 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
## [1] "n is greater than 10"
g <- 0

while (g <=10) {
  print(paste(g,"is less than or equal to 10"))
  g <- g+1
}
## [1] "0 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "1 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "2 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "3 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "4 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "5 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "6 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "7 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "8 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "9 is less than or equal to 10"
## [1] "10 is less than or equal to 10"

Plotting and Figures

#install.packages("ggplot2")
library(ggplot2)
gp <- read.csv('data/gapminder_all.csv')

head(gp)
ggplot(data=gp, mapping=aes(x=gdpPercap_1952, y=pop_1952)) + geom_point()

ggplot(data=gp, mapping=aes(x=gdpPercap_2002, y=pop_2002)) + geom_point()

gapminder <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/gh-pages/_episodes_rmd/data/gapminder_data.csv")
head(gapminder)
ggplot(data=gapminder, mapping=aes(x=gdpPercap, y=lifeExp)) + geom_point()

ggplot(data=gapminder, mapping=aes(x=year, y=lifeExp, by=country, color=continent)) + geom_line()

ggplot(data=gapminder, mapping=aes(x=year, y=lifeExp, by=country)) + geom_line(mapping=aes(color=continent)) + geom_point()

ggplot(data=gapminder, mapping=aes(x=gdpPercap, y=lifeExp)) + geom_point(alpha=0.25) + scale_x_log10()

ggplot(data=gapminder, mapping=aes(x=gdpPercap, y=lifeExp)) + geom_point(alpha=0.25, color="purple", size = 0.9) + scale_x_log10() + geom_smooth(method = lm, color="gold", size = 1.25)
## `geom_smooth()` using formula 'y ~ x'

africas <- gapminder[gapminder$continent == "Africa", ]
head(africas)
ggplot(data=africas, mapping = aes(x=year, y=lifeExp)) +
  geom_line(color = "red") +
  facet_wrap( ~ country) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90)) +
  labs(
    x = "Year",
    y = "Life Expectency",
    title = "Life Expectency Over Time in African Countries"
  )

AfricanLifeExp <- ggplot(data=africas, mapping = aes(x=year, y=lifeExp)) +
  geom_line(color = "red") +
  facet_wrap( ~ country) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90)) +
  labs(
    x = "Year",
    y = "Life Expectency",
    title = "Life Expectency Over Time in African Countries"
  )
ggsave(filename = "data/AfricanLifeExp.png", plot = AfricanLifeExp, width = 24, height = 40, dpi = 300, units = "cm")
pdf(file = "results/AfricanLifeExp.pdf", width = 24, height = 40)
plot(AfricanLifeExp)
dev.off()
## png 
##   2
write.table(gapminder, file="data/gapminder_web.csv", sep=",")
write.csv(africas, file="data/gapminder_web_africas.csv")

Fancy Plots

#install.packages(c("ggridges","viridis","hrbrthemes"), dependencies = T)
library(ggridges)
library(ggplot2)
library(viridis)
## Loading required package: viridisLite
library(hrbrthemes)
## NOTE: Either Arial Narrow or Roboto Condensed fonts are required to use these themes.
##       Please use hrbrthemes::import_roboto_condensed() to install Roboto Condensed and
##       if Arial Narrow is not on your system, please see https://bit.ly/arialnarrow
# Plot
ggplot(lincoln_weather, aes(x = `Mean Temperature [F]`, y = `Month`, fill = ..x..)) +
  geom_density_ridges_gradient(scale = 3, rel_min_height = 0.01) +
  scale_fill_viridis(name = "Temp. [F]", option = "C") +
  labs(title = 'Temperatures in Lincoln NE in 2016') +
  theme_ipsum() +
    theme(
      legend.position="none",
      panel.spacing = unit(0.1, "lines"),
      strip.text.x = element_text(size = 8)
    )
## Picking joint bandwidth of 3.37
## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family not
## found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family not
## found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family not
## found in Windows font database
## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database
## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database
## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

#spider_data <- read.csv(file="https://wsc.nmbe.ch/resources/species_export_20221101.csv", header=TRUE)
#write.csv(spider_data, "data/spider_data_20221101.csv")

spider_data <- read.csv("data/spider_data_20221101.csv")
spider_data
library(ggridges)
library(ggplot2)
library(viridis)
library(hrbrthemes)

# Plot
ggplot(spider_data[1:5000,], aes(x = `year`, y = `family`)) +
  geom_density_ridges(alpha=0.6, stat="binline", bins=20) +
  #geom_density_ridges_gradient(scale = 3, rel_min_height = 0.01) +
  labs(title = 'Spider species descriptions over time by family') +
  xlab(label = "Species Description Year") +
  ylab(label = "Spider Family") +
  theme_ridges() +
    theme(
      legend.position="none",
      panel.spacing = unit(0.1, "lines"),
      strip.text.x = element_text(size = 8)
    )

#install.packages(c("ggstatsplot","palmerpenguins","tidyverse"), dependencies=T)
library(ggstatsplot)
## You can cite this package as:
##      Patil, I. (2021). Visualizations with statistical details: The 'ggstatsplot' approach.
##      Journal of Open Source Software, 6(61), 3167, doi:10.21105/joss.03167
library(tidyverse)
## ── Attaching packages
## ───────────────────────────────────────
## tidyverse 1.3.2 ──
## ✔ tibble  3.1.8      ✔ dplyr   1.0.10
## ✔ tidyr   1.2.1      ✔ stringr 1.4.1 
## ✔ readr   2.1.3      ✔ forcats 0.5.2 
## ✔ purrr   0.3.5      
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
data("penguins", package = "palmerpenguins")
penguins
penguins2 <- drop_na(penguins)
penguins2
plt <- ggbetweenstats(
  data = penguins,
  x = species,
  y = bill_length_mm
)
plt

gapminder2 <- drop_na(gapminder)
boxplot(gapminder2$lifeExp ~ gapminder2$continent)

#install.packages("vioplot", dependencies = T)

library(vioplot)
## Loading required package: sm
## Package 'sm', version 2.2-5.7: type help(sm) for summary information
## Loading required package: zoo
## 
## Attaching package: 'zoo'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     as.Date, as.Date.numeric
with(gapminder2, vioplot(
  lifeExp~continent, col = "blue"
))

plt <- ggbetweenstats(
  data = gapminder2,
  x = continent,
  y = lifeExp
)
plt

plt2 <- plt  +
  theme(
    axis.ticks = element_blank(),
    axis.line = element_line(colour = "grey50"),
    panel.grid = element_line(color = "#b4aea9"),
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
    panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
    panel.grid.major.y = element_line(linetype = "dashed"),
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = "#fbf9f4", color = "#fbf9f4"),
    plot.background = element_rect(fill = "#fbf9f4", color = "#fbf9f4")
  ) +
  labs(
    x = "Continent",
    y = "Life Expectency (years)",
    title = "Life expectency of people living on each continent"
  )
plt2

ggsave(
  filename = "results/gapminder_lifeExpXcontinentweb-violinplot-with-ggstatsplot.png",
  plot = plt2,
  width = 8,
  height = 8,
  device = "png"
)
# Get the shape file of Africa
#install.packages("maptools")
library(maptools)
## Loading required package: sp
## Checking rgeos availability: FALSE
## Please note that 'maptools' will be retired by the end of 2023,
## plan transition at your earliest convenience;
## some functionality will be moved to 'sp'.
##      Note: when rgeos is not available, polygon geometry     computations in maptools depend on gpclib,
##      which has a restricted licence. It is disabled by default;
##      to enable gpclib, type gpclibPermit()
data(wrld_simpl)
afr<-wrld_simpl[wrld_simpl$REGION==2,]
 
# We can visualize the region's boundaries with the plot function
plot(afr)

levels(penguins2$species)
## [1] "Adelie"    "Chinstrap" "Gentoo"
penguin_matrix <- with(penguins2, cbind(bill_length_mm, bill_depth_mm, flipper_length_mm, body_mass_g))
penguin_matrix
##        bill_length_mm bill_depth_mm flipper_length_mm body_mass_g
##   [1,]           39.1          18.7               181        3750
##   [2,]           39.5          17.4               186        3800
##   [3,]           40.3          18.0               195        3250
##   [4,]           36.7          19.3               193        3450
##   [5,]           39.3          20.6               190        3650
##   [6,]           38.9          17.8               181        3625
##   [7,]           39.2          19.6               195        4675
##   [8,]           41.1          17.6               182        3200
##   [9,]           38.6          21.2               191        3800
##  [10,]           34.6          21.1               198        4400
##  [11,]           36.6          17.8               185        3700
##  [12,]           38.7          19.0               195        3450
##  [13,]           42.5          20.7               197        4500
##  [14,]           34.4          18.4               184        3325
##  [15,]           46.0          21.5               194        4200
##  [16,]           37.8          18.3               174        3400
##  [17,]           37.7          18.7               180        3600
##  [18,]           35.9          19.2               189        3800
##  [19,]           38.2          18.1               185        3950
##  [20,]           38.8          17.2               180        3800
##  [21,]           35.3          18.9               187        3800
##  [22,]           40.6          18.6               183        3550
##  [23,]           40.5          17.9               187        3200
##  [24,]           37.9          18.6               172        3150
##  [25,]           40.5          18.9               180        3950
##  [26,]           39.5          16.7               178        3250
##  [27,]           37.2          18.1               178        3900
##  [28,]           39.5          17.8               188        3300
##  [29,]           40.9          18.9               184        3900
##  [30,]           36.4          17.0               195        3325
##  [31,]           39.2          21.1               196        4150
##  [32,]           38.8          20.0               190        3950
##  [33,]           42.2          18.5               180        3550
##  [34,]           37.6          19.3               181        3300
##  [35,]           39.8          19.1               184        4650
##  [36,]           36.5          18.0               182        3150
##  [37,]           40.8          18.4               195        3900
##  [38,]           36.0          18.5               186        3100
##  [39,]           44.1          19.7               196        4400
##  [40,]           37.0          16.9               185        3000
##  [41,]           39.6          18.8               190        4600
##  [42,]           41.1          19.0               182        3425
##  [43,]           36.0          17.9               190        3450
##  [44,]           42.3          21.2               191        4150
##  [45,]           39.6          17.7               186        3500
##  [46,]           40.1          18.9               188        4300
##  [47,]           35.0          17.9               190        3450
##  [48,]           42.0          19.5               200        4050
##  [49,]           34.5          18.1               187        2900
##  [50,]           41.4          18.6               191        3700
##  [51,]           39.0          17.5               186        3550
##  [52,]           40.6          18.8               193        3800
##  [53,]           36.5          16.6               181        2850
##  [54,]           37.6          19.1               194        3750
##  [55,]           35.7          16.9               185        3150
##  [56,]           41.3          21.1               195        4400
##  [57,]           37.6          17.0               185        3600
##  [58,]           41.1          18.2               192        4050
##  [59,]           36.4          17.1               184        2850
##  [60,]           41.6          18.0               192        3950
##  [61,]           35.5          16.2               195        3350
##  [62,]           41.1          19.1               188        4100
##  [63,]           35.9          16.6               190        3050
##  [64,]           41.8          19.4               198        4450
##  [65,]           33.5          19.0               190        3600
##  [66,]           39.7          18.4               190        3900
##  [67,]           39.6          17.2               196        3550
##  [68,]           45.8          18.9               197        4150
##  [69,]           35.5          17.5               190        3700
##  [70,]           42.8          18.5               195        4250
##  [71,]           40.9          16.8               191        3700
##  [72,]           37.2          19.4               184        3900
##  [73,]           36.2          16.1               187        3550
##  [74,]           42.1          19.1               195        4000
##  [75,]           34.6          17.2               189        3200
##  [76,]           42.9          17.6               196        4700
##  [77,]           36.7          18.8               187        3800
##  [78,]           35.1          19.4               193        4200
##  [79,]           37.3          17.8               191        3350
##  [80,]           41.3          20.3               194        3550
##  [81,]           36.3          19.5               190        3800
##  [82,]           36.9          18.6               189        3500
##  [83,]           38.3          19.2               189        3950
##  [84,]           38.9          18.8               190        3600
##  [85,]           35.7          18.0               202        3550
##  [86,]           41.1          18.1               205        4300
##  [87,]           34.0          17.1               185        3400
##  [88,]           39.6          18.1               186        4450
##  [89,]           36.2          17.3               187        3300
##  [90,]           40.8          18.9               208        4300
##  [91,]           38.1          18.6               190        3700
##  [92,]           40.3          18.5               196        4350
##  [93,]           33.1          16.1               178        2900
##  [94,]           43.2          18.5               192        4100
##  [95,]           35.0          17.9               192        3725
##  [96,]           41.0          20.0               203        4725
##  [97,]           37.7          16.0               183        3075
##  [98,]           37.8          20.0               190        4250
##  [99,]           37.9          18.6               193        2925
## [100,]           39.7          18.9               184        3550
## [101,]           38.6          17.2               199        3750
## [102,]           38.2          20.0               190        3900
## [103,]           38.1          17.0               181        3175
## [104,]           43.2          19.0               197        4775
## [105,]           38.1          16.5               198        3825
## [106,]           45.6          20.3               191        4600
## [107,]           39.7          17.7               193        3200
## [108,]           42.2          19.5               197        4275
## [109,]           39.6          20.7               191        3900
## [110,]           42.7          18.3               196        4075
## [111,]           38.6          17.0               188        2900
## [112,]           37.3          20.5               199        3775
## [113,]           35.7          17.0               189        3350
## [114,]           41.1          18.6               189        3325
## [115,]           36.2          17.2               187        3150
## [116,]           37.7          19.8               198        3500
## [117,]           40.2          17.0               176        3450
## [118,]           41.4          18.5               202        3875
## [119,]           35.2          15.9               186        3050
## [120,]           40.6          19.0               199        4000
## [121,]           38.8          17.6               191        3275
## [122,]           41.5          18.3               195        4300
## [123,]           39.0          17.1               191        3050
## [124,]           44.1          18.0               210        4000
## [125,]           38.5          17.9               190        3325
## [126,]           43.1          19.2               197        3500
## [127,]           36.8          18.5               193        3500
## [128,]           37.5          18.5               199        4475
## [129,]           38.1          17.6               187        3425
## [130,]           41.1          17.5               190        3900
## [131,]           35.6          17.5               191        3175
## [132,]           40.2          20.1               200        3975
## [133,]           37.0          16.5               185        3400
## [134,]           39.7          17.9               193        4250
## [135,]           40.2          17.1               193        3400
## [136,]           40.6          17.2               187        3475
## [137,]           32.1          15.5               188        3050
## [138,]           40.7          17.0               190        3725
## [139,]           37.3          16.8               192        3000
## [140,]           39.0          18.7               185        3650
## [141,]           39.2          18.6               190        4250
## [142,]           36.6          18.4               184        3475
## [143,]           36.0          17.8               195        3450
## [144,]           37.8          18.1               193        3750
## [145,]           36.0          17.1               187        3700
## [146,]           41.5          18.5               201        4000
## [147,]           46.1          13.2               211        4500
## [148,]           50.0          16.3               230        5700
## [149,]           48.7          14.1               210        4450
## [150,]           50.0          15.2               218        5700
## [151,]           47.6          14.5               215        5400
## [152,]           46.5          13.5               210        4550
## [153,]           45.4          14.6               211        4800
## [154,]           46.7          15.3               219        5200
## [155,]           43.3          13.4               209        4400
## [156,]           46.8          15.4               215        5150
## [157,]           40.9          13.7               214        4650
## [158,]           49.0          16.1               216        5550
## [159,]           45.5          13.7               214        4650
## [160,]           48.4          14.6               213        5850
## [161,]           45.8          14.6               210        4200
## [162,]           49.3          15.7               217        5850
## [163,]           42.0          13.5               210        4150
## [164,]           49.2          15.2               221        6300
## [165,]           46.2          14.5               209        4800
## [166,]           48.7          15.1               222        5350
## [167,]           50.2          14.3               218        5700
## [168,]           45.1          14.5               215        5000
## [169,]           46.5          14.5               213        4400
## [170,]           46.3          15.8               215        5050
## [171,]           42.9          13.1               215        5000
## [172,]           46.1          15.1               215        5100
## [173,]           47.8          15.0               215        5650
## [174,]           48.2          14.3               210        4600
## [175,]           50.0          15.3               220        5550
## [176,]           47.3          15.3               222        5250
## [177,]           42.8          14.2               209        4700
## [178,]           45.1          14.5               207        5050
## [179,]           59.6          17.0               230        6050
## [180,]           49.1          14.8               220        5150
## [181,]           48.4          16.3               220        5400
## [182,]           42.6          13.7               213        4950
## [183,]           44.4          17.3               219        5250
## [184,]           44.0          13.6               208        4350
## [185,]           48.7          15.7               208        5350
## [186,]           42.7          13.7               208        3950
## [187,]           49.6          16.0               225        5700
## [188,]           45.3          13.7               210        4300
## [189,]           49.6          15.0               216        4750
## [190,]           50.5          15.9               222        5550
## [191,]           43.6          13.9               217        4900
## [192,]           45.5          13.9               210        4200
## [193,]           50.5          15.9               225        5400
## [194,]           44.9          13.3               213        5100
## [195,]           45.2          15.8               215        5300
## [196,]           46.6          14.2               210        4850
## [197,]           48.5          14.1               220        5300
## [198,]           45.1          14.4               210        4400
## [199,]           50.1          15.0               225        5000
## [200,]           46.5          14.4               217        4900
## [201,]           45.0          15.4               220        5050
## [202,]           43.8          13.9               208        4300
## [203,]           45.5          15.0               220        5000
## [204,]           43.2          14.5               208        4450
## [205,]           50.4          15.3               224        5550
## [206,]           45.3          13.8               208        4200
## [207,]           46.2          14.9               221        5300
## [208,]           45.7          13.9               214        4400
## [209,]           54.3          15.7               231        5650
## [210,]           45.8          14.2               219        4700
## [211,]           49.8          16.8               230        5700
## [212,]           49.5          16.2               229        5800
## [213,]           43.5          14.2               220        4700
## [214,]           50.7          15.0               223        5550
## [215,]           47.7          15.0               216        4750
## [216,]           46.4          15.6               221        5000
## [217,]           48.2          15.6               221        5100
## [218,]           46.5          14.8               217        5200
## [219,]           46.4          15.0               216        4700
## [220,]           48.6          16.0               230        5800
## [221,]           47.5          14.2               209        4600
## [222,]           51.1          16.3               220        6000
## [223,]           45.2          13.8               215        4750
## [224,]           45.2          16.4               223        5950
## [225,]           49.1          14.5               212        4625
## [226,]           52.5          15.6               221        5450
## [227,]           47.4          14.6               212        4725
## [228,]           50.0          15.9               224        5350
## [229,]           44.9          13.8               212        4750
## [230,]           50.8          17.3               228        5600
## [231,]           43.4          14.4               218        4600
## [232,]           51.3          14.2               218        5300
## [233,]           47.5          14.0               212        4875
## [234,]           52.1          17.0               230        5550
## [235,]           47.5          15.0               218        4950
## [236,]           52.2          17.1               228        5400
## [237,]           45.5          14.5               212        4750
## [238,]           49.5          16.1               224        5650
## [239,]           44.5          14.7               214        4850
## [240,]           50.8          15.7               226        5200
## [241,]           49.4          15.8               216        4925
## [242,]           46.9          14.6               222        4875
## [243,]           48.4          14.4               203        4625
## [244,]           51.1          16.5               225        5250
## [245,]           48.5          15.0               219        4850
## [246,]           55.9          17.0               228        5600
## [247,]           47.2          15.5               215        4975
## [248,]           49.1          15.0               228        5500
## [249,]           46.8          16.1               215        5500
## [250,]           41.7          14.7               210        4700
## [251,]           53.4          15.8               219        5500
## [252,]           43.3          14.0               208        4575
## [253,]           48.1          15.1               209        5500
## [254,]           50.5          15.2               216        5000
## [255,]           49.8          15.9               229        5950
## [256,]           43.5          15.2               213        4650
## [257,]           51.5          16.3               230        5500
## [258,]           46.2          14.1               217        4375
## [259,]           55.1          16.0               230        5850
## [260,]           48.8          16.2               222        6000
## [261,]           47.2          13.7               214        4925
## [262,]           46.8          14.3               215        4850
## [263,]           50.4          15.7               222        5750
## [264,]           45.2          14.8               212        5200
## [265,]           49.9          16.1               213        5400
## [266,]           46.5          17.9               192        3500
## [267,]           50.0          19.5               196        3900
## [268,]           51.3          19.2               193        3650
## [269,]           45.4          18.7               188        3525
## [270,]           52.7          19.8               197        3725
## [271,]           45.2          17.8               198        3950
## [272,]           46.1          18.2               178        3250
## [273,]           51.3          18.2               197        3750
## [274,]           46.0          18.9               195        4150
## [275,]           51.3          19.9               198        3700
## [276,]           46.6          17.8               193        3800
## [277,]           51.7          20.3               194        3775
## [278,]           47.0          17.3               185        3700
## [279,]           52.0          18.1               201        4050
## [280,]           45.9          17.1               190        3575
## [281,]           50.5          19.6               201        4050
## [282,]           50.3          20.0               197        3300
## [283,]           58.0          17.8               181        3700
## [284,]           46.4          18.6               190        3450
## [285,]           49.2          18.2               195        4400
## [286,]           42.4          17.3               181        3600
## [287,]           48.5          17.5               191        3400
## [288,]           43.2          16.6               187        2900
## [289,]           50.6          19.4               193        3800
## [290,]           46.7          17.9               195        3300
## [291,]           52.0          19.0               197        4150
## [292,]           50.5          18.4               200        3400
## [293,]           49.5          19.0               200        3800
## [294,]           46.4          17.8               191        3700
## [295,]           52.8          20.0               205        4550
## [296,]           40.9          16.6               187        3200
## [297,]           54.2          20.8               201        4300
## [298,]           42.5          16.7               187        3350
## [299,]           51.0          18.8               203        4100
## [300,]           49.7          18.6               195        3600
## [301,]           47.5          16.8               199        3900
## [302,]           47.6          18.3               195        3850
## [303,]           52.0          20.7               210        4800
## [304,]           46.9          16.6               192        2700
## [305,]           53.5          19.9               205        4500
## [306,]           49.0          19.5               210        3950
## [307,]           46.2          17.5               187        3650
## [308,]           50.9          19.1               196        3550
## [309,]           45.5          17.0               196        3500
## [310,]           50.9          17.9               196        3675
## [311,]           50.8          18.5               201        4450
## [312,]           50.1          17.9               190        3400
## [313,]           49.0          19.6               212        4300
## [314,]           51.5          18.7               187        3250
## [315,]           49.8          17.3               198        3675
## [316,]           48.1          16.4               199        3325
## [317,]           51.4          19.0               201        3950
## [318,]           45.7          17.3               193        3600
## [319,]           50.7          19.7               203        4050
## [320,]           42.5          17.3               187        3350
## [321,]           52.2          18.8               197        3450
## [322,]           45.2          16.6               191        3250
## [323,]           49.3          19.9               203        4050
## [324,]           50.2          18.8               202        3800
## [325,]           45.6          19.4               194        3525
## [326,]           51.9          19.5               206        3950
## [327,]           46.8          16.5               189        3650
## [328,]           45.7          17.0               195        3650
## [329,]           55.8          19.8               207        4000
## [330,]           43.5          18.1               202        3400
## [331,]           49.6          18.2               193        3775
## [332,]           50.8          19.0               210        4100
## [333,]           50.2          18.7               198        3775
penguin_pca <- princomp(penguin_matrix, cor=TRUE)
summary(penguin_pca)
## Importance of components:
##                           Comp.1    Comp.2     Comp.3     Comp.4
## Standard deviation     1.6569115 0.8821095 0.60715939 0.32845789
## Proportion of Variance 0.6863389 0.1945293 0.09216063 0.02697115
## Cumulative Proportion  0.6863389 0.8808682 0.97302885 1.00000000
loadings(penguin_pca)
## 
## Loadings:
##                   Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4
## bill_length_mm     0.454  0.600  0.642  0.145
## bill_depth_mm     -0.399  0.796 -0.426 -0.160
## flipper_length_mm  0.577        -0.236 -0.782
## body_mass_g        0.550        -0.592  0.585
## 
##                Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4
## SS loadings      1.00   1.00   1.00   1.00
## Proportion Var   0.25   0.25   0.25   0.25
## Cumulative Var   0.25   0.50   0.75   1.00
biplot(penguin_pca, xlab=penguins2[,2])

penguin_pca$scores
##             Comp.1       Comp.2        Comp.3       Comp.4
##   [1,] -1.85359302  0.032069377 -0.2349016613  0.528396625
##   [2,] -1.31625406 -0.443526765 -0.0274700760  0.401726631
##   [3,] -1.37660509 -0.161230478  0.1896892637 -0.528661902
##   [4,] -1.88528838 -0.012351235 -0.6288726870 -0.472893203
##   [5,] -1.91998074  0.817598126 -0.7010513885 -0.196416463
##   [6,] -1.77302031 -0.366222957  0.0284604590  0.505368579
##   [7,] -0.81849625  0.501243084 -1.3350037341  0.348259556
##   [8,] -1.79895773 -0.245393945  0.6265541188  0.215177636
##   [9,] -1.95614892  0.998282895 -1.0406150295 -0.210615154
##  [10,] -1.56952316  0.578081948 -2.0492974540 -0.263635364
##  [11,] -1.74800122 -0.610244291 -0.3648455682  0.275254393
##  [12,] -1.57577371  0.086835726 -0.3623210792 -0.507079122
##  [13,] -0.80472019  1.293555921 -1.0898644424  0.107519267
##  [14,] -2.35017809 -0.645191072 -0.4607707684 -0.048857069
##  [15,] -1.00498645  1.972422509 -0.5798770729  0.084976671
##  [16,] -2.40824844 -0.308968645  0.0744441020  0.662978776
##  [17,] -2.11369825 -0.136493144 -0.2723621056  0.437971409
##  [18,] -1.85705729 -0.109144060 -0.8914621801 -0.007995218
##  [19,] -1.50501042 -0.289127997 -0.4255462669  0.475198437
##  [20,] -1.58113786 -0.603932517  0.0346978179  0.734644053
##  [21,] -1.92846722 -0.297394981 -0.8633540656  0.112204664
##  [22,] -1.76295054  0.138259762  0.0767052076  0.319209942
##  [23,] -1.70361341 -0.187802307  0.4066389913 -0.104556344
##  [24,] -2.71417458 -0.201106317  0.2389821840  0.571190457
##  [25,] -1.68232816  0.285542330 -0.2438102280  0.750672188
##  [26,] -1.87994963 -0.782580998  0.6638711756  0.505701001
##  [27,] -1.91081367 -0.406695073 -0.3883180768  0.803391776
##  [28,] -1.65683258 -0.328286332  0.2201618206 -0.106165116
##  [29,] -1.51840291  0.326408242 -0.2274268406  0.501437178
##  [30,] -1.44646684 -0.987685263 -0.1078452205 -0.496481192
##  [31,] -1.44062410  1.059095864 -1.2903086836 -0.211391293
##  [32,] -1.63466140  0.548223391 -0.8507480012  0.057249680
##  [33,] -1.73335112  0.272394506  0.3372327369  0.537510640
##  [34,] -2.40765908  0.067345151 -0.2101338390  0.112476774
##  [35,] -1.13764744  0.357809820 -0.9521566896  1.001340496
##  [36,] -2.29657080 -0.593801144  0.0354812471  0.023993523
##  [37,] -0.97184877  0.117509989 -0.3164908762 -0.075207890
##  [38,] -2.30890668 -0.449404139 -0.1623082340 -0.289830288
##  [39,] -0.57840195  1.054586456 -0.5945824193  0.214535227
##  [40,] -2.01067992 -0.997271019  0.3923067603 -0.149971631
##  [41,] -0.88026262  0.212079200 -0.9751464709  0.648796919
##  [42,] -1.92925587  0.342881528  0.1577848524  0.264948453
##  [43,] -1.78298528 -0.657410953 -0.3574537623 -0.210018964
##  [44,] -1.40940140  1.438260966 -0.8628557816  0.142277387
##  [45,] -1.57392895 -0.339592411  0.1401266848  0.161823273
##  [46,] -1.14654389  0.278170592 -0.6834333861  0.547546732
##  [47,] -1.86608339 -0.767327681 -0.4751171379 -0.236604598
##  [48,] -0.78673386  0.711147080 -0.6082512171 -0.303064057
##  [49,] -2.44789222 -0.794851225 -0.1218556728 -0.498499722
##  [50,] -1.26418254  0.243767425 -0.0745246189  0.002543992
##  [51,] -1.54901519 -0.481769739  0.0760396714  0.198497399
##  [52,] -1.22044841  0.247154032 -0.3193049336 -0.074021804
##  [53,] -2.25876529 -1.189622965  0.5763198147 -0.024441402
##  [54,] -1.52359256  0.034535966 -0.7173315591 -0.270413670
##  [55,] -2.01615696 -1.125897262  0.1289464113 -0.075450514
##  [56,] -1.13641794  1.313283236 -1.2103418754  0.082119719
##  [57,] -1.57091360 -0.833767737 -0.0003422234  0.294177168
##  [58,] -0.92743183  0.082527261 -0.2976685297  0.225746271
##  [59,] -2.24489579 -0.996917698  0.4056666843 -0.235393033
##  [60,] -0.91366065  0.046992829 -0.1219278693  0.182582152
##  [61,] -1.34180687 -1.408162573 -0.0589005898 -0.437169086
##  [62,] -1.24076891  0.450049108 -0.4618830617  0.412424419
##  [63,] -1.80093377 -1.232829956  0.2066916214 -0.397843538
##  [64,] -0.59202566  0.685886654 -0.8707826466  0.102391897
##  [65,] -2.11142026 -0.472533742 -1.0002169890 -0.256856415
##  [66,] -1.26934357 -0.005466398 -0.3615689854  0.174933474
##  [67,] -1.02609887 -0.533157420  0.0428999873 -0.319925306
##  [68,] -0.40447877  0.894152813 -0.0541870716  0.087108392
##  [69,] -1.57243857 -0.850558396 -0.5136613869 -0.008978328
##  [70,] -0.58666260  0.411120851 -0.3604145329  0.224356728
##  [71,] -0.94042944 -0.540033074  0.2564366830  0.135633405
##  [72,] -1.92733875  0.122172496 -0.7710571606  0.362408603
##  [73,] -1.45634863 -1.356000198  0.0328842243  0.182033357
##  [74,] -0.93751617  0.553350680 -0.3887132911 -0.024851361
##  [75,] -1.96939557 -1.118922417 -0.1697294034 -0.316239385
##  [76,] -0.04683282  0.100901565 -0.5018159035  0.571576618
##  [77,] -1.79183530 -0.184002791 -0.6769701737  0.157556898
##  [78,] -1.52578740 -0.076399251 -1.3907790578  0.021849643
##  [79,] -1.68181280 -0.564107174 -0.1261078882 -0.295924034
##  [80,] -1.59639832  0.908101945 -0.3946417816 -0.415078234
##  [81,] -1.84348437  0.056709917 -0.9262326489 -0.077635115
##  [82,] -1.85729280 -0.270705718 -0.4230718864 -0.150780390
##  [83,] -1.55507132  0.168921592 -0.7194680394  0.164892744
##  [84,] -1.62210133  0.040034131 -0.3215244287 -0.097029300
##  [85,] -1.26523377 -0.635421240 -0.6904504308 -0.823930721
##  [86,] -0.20039388  0.071188634 -0.6793241349 -0.310719775
##  [87,] -2.02709537 -1.207997401 -0.2983882606  0.044893285
##  [88,] -1.00562068 -0.087279300 -0.6456810644  0.820149350
##  [89,] -1.87080090 -0.893881281 -0.0429811675 -0.097358865
##  [90,] -0.26402770  0.363384244 -0.9384754387 -0.551385571
##  [91,] -1.57962369 -0.119371375 -0.4459434375 -0.029311487
##  [92,] -0.68482350  0.146252964 -0.7450419331  0.174737159
##  [93,] -2.52929467 -1.762281613  0.2983518103  0.129821325
##  [94,] -0.77962599  0.439581247 -0.1523402596  0.293539877
##  [95,] -1.59563939 -0.740347063 -0.7112540408 -0.148374347
##  [96,] -0.38617540  0.869122059 -1.3815922089 -0.047071773
##  [97,] -1.80101966 -1.278444819  0.6481092793  0.108124873
##  [98,] -1.51265850  0.466837670 -1.1892072983  0.248828929
##  [99,] -2.00243546 -0.213819033  0.0503023889 -0.765852564
## [100,] -1.85740516  0.161221992 -0.1110276495  0.215008721
## [101,] -0.84881085 -0.622812685 -0.2725716316 -0.368699022
## [102,] -1.71870377  0.477518186 -0.8845467063  0.004937486
## [103,] -1.98479380 -0.820882689  0.4387649696  0.221911517
## [104,] -0.21353466  0.708300149 -0.8417585173  0.464363571
## [105,] -0.73824008 -0.954490503 -0.2181458163 -0.214647083
## [106,] -0.64487503  1.479361613 -0.6108640296  0.630448418
## [107,] -1.48219852 -0.354236566  0.2545966984 -0.444822833
## [108,] -0.73994061  0.753287890 -0.6997045208  0.033508069
## [109,] -1.70321099  0.915253811 -0.8882744639 -0.070646162
## [110,] -0.63280816  0.302917228 -0.2169432381  0.054822896
## [111,] -1.84273238 -0.789182569  0.5819006733 -0.355919928
## [112,] -1.60946727  0.572883733 -1.1585541611 -0.653447361
## [113,] -1.73484802 -1.064730972 -0.1073873188 -0.161648054
## [114,] -1.62792299  0.174301453  0.1999119118 -0.166383577
## [115,] -1.95305685 -0.948638014  0.0890719593 -0.198308960
## [116,] -1.66339271  0.306844796 -0.7406360661 -0.729994048
## [117,] -1.82836539 -0.565972121  0.5678134008  0.757111386
## [118,] -0.67085459  0.224468852 -0.3672406022 -0.476709049
## [119,] -1.88191000 -1.594864662  0.3433947042 -0.136018610
## [120,] -0.87699928  0.349638746 -0.6110344714 -0.280105915
## [121,] -1.56785175 -0.487347294  0.1488964877 -0.294322112
## [122,] -0.61991752  0.192001813 -0.5068659092  0.242420910
## [123,] -1.60358507 -0.689218352  0.4463019344 -0.411966916
## [124,]  0.07018089  0.333984567 -0.1682345245 -0.720380972
## [125,] -1.66069875 -0.394507052  0.0287029773 -0.234456914
## [126,] -1.13411289  0.657034153  0.0415474793 -0.481760436
## [127,] -1.68043855 -0.320534232 -0.4806643410 -0.368815057
## [128,] -0.70838734 -0.148385164 -1.2171086476  0.023568081
## [129,] -1.68833943 -0.551677888  0.0236154471  0.019658835
## [130,] -0.97035514 -0.216004046 -0.0019437648  0.285344477
## [131,] -1.88183815 -0.889082390 -0.1323725075 -0.443985421
## [132,] -1.10935310  0.749111595 -0.8947773093 -0.454253495
## [133,] -1.65603365 -1.121194594  0.1845328627  0.173444263
## [134,] -0.80493412 -0.173395579 -0.5614993590  0.302489564
## [135,] -1.18214807 -0.523204908  0.2961621018 -0.237292684
## [136,] -1.36523239 -0.434095818  0.3675952302  0.155013118
## [137,] -1.97590114 -2.096744245  0.0315182628 -0.297658915
## [138,] -1.02176382 -0.479069974  0.1880643363  0.188109106
## [139,] -1.67693429 -1.001892051  0.3311686937 -0.525003382
## [140,] -1.76540033  0.013221756 -0.2405506415  0.229507985
## [141,] -1.11219725  0.053843874 -0.7213062471  0.399901662
## [142,] -2.06481174 -0.389108766 -0.3123093029  0.118713766
## [143,] -1.55660384 -0.695834197 -0.4201502001 -0.481272180
## [144,] -1.34524467 -0.348806583 -0.4603769023 -0.127895970
## [145,] -1.57336339 -0.958805742 -0.3175980725  0.204475211
## [146,] -0.61830340  0.246934847 -0.4306022445 -0.327271339
## [147,]  1.59356859 -1.341795728  0.7216766759  0.030873935
## [148,]  2.89205390  0.464090012 -0.6944660890 -0.306550426
## [149,]  1.55157173 -0.696759932  0.8863745985  0.046321767
## [150,]  2.62068561  0.013723319 -0.2538154127  0.453430729
## [151,]  2.23455895 -0.563287236 -0.1132144676  0.396018085
## [152,]  1.55889027 -1.172013776  0.6838475283  0.109349077
## [153,]  1.45637702 -0.823329213  0.1153440662  0.116576029
## [154,]  2.02554963 -0.355648737 -0.3126368365 -0.061919459
## [155,]  1.16950299 -1.578917638  0.4562481741 -0.020797935
## [156,]  1.81451188 -0.310575391 -0.2182450616  0.119754394
## [157,]  1.28618821 -1.695400271 -0.1594576306 -0.206581987
## [158,]  2.16995116  0.253134960 -0.4222366808  0.356325763
## [159,]  1.66843953 -1.189783321  0.3817938970 -0.084288071
## [160,]  2.50595964 -0.392893307 -0.3381921739  0.848155795
## [161,]  1.03819687 -0.836838135  0.6208715802 -0.253242371
## [162,]  2.52237724  0.153089665 -0.5379832461  0.559118608
## [163,]  0.91148075 -1.704680397  0.4487569003 -0.301172786
## [164,]  3.08806126 -0.015907257 -0.8401489185  0.700860650
## [165,]  1.46071532 -0.776714255  0.2648705743  0.257731106
## [166,]  2.45853762 -0.201291445 -0.1950086762 -0.051032395
## [167,]  2.81995631 -0.328714403 -0.0353862428  0.531938971
## [168,]  1.75334566 -0.876120401 -0.1129783445  0.038667490
## [169,]  1.37704625 -0.780126191  0.5270828658 -0.248688163
## [170,]  1.62341756 -0.213079172 -0.2900987733  0.001210565
## [171,]  1.85465371 -1.684814420 -0.0686654454  0.094031942
## [172,]  1.78304339 -0.513745958 -0.1988446060  0.089180675
## [173,]  2.32062326 -0.315071902 -0.3819542242  0.542477550
## [174,]  1.57198405 -0.656470332  0.6738346178  0.125846699
## [175,]  2.58027529  0.040776239 -0.1988132596  0.224461717
## [176,]  2.23324413 -0.283702741 -0.3294490937 -0.177238602
## [177,]  1.17069843 -1.281415156  0.0033792361  0.119015362
## [178,]  1.45779016 -0.874674010 -0.0148150986  0.522045203
## [179,]  3.78701834  1.836015387  0.0259209120  0.146270932
## [180,]  2.33349180 -0.298646309  0.0979600949 -0.049690133
## [181,]  2.14182216  0.255556267 -0.4932283607 -0.008481200
## [182,]  1.59133864 -1.480424422 -0.1633554929  0.112655586
## [183,]  1.46271619  0.206122550 -1.0531652424 -0.249352525
## [184,]  1.11168166 -1.426162233  0.5489718459  0.001063615
## [185,]  1.75972697  0.035865574 -0.0887551819  0.682453101
## [186,]  0.70989154 -1.566604094  0.6687488536 -0.332516565
## [187,]  2.71361148  0.296581645 -0.5922143371 -0.013402080
## [188,]  1.24766590 -1.246707231  0.6833377467 -0.120622445
## [189,]  1.89611421 -0.202401218  0.4753572955 -0.120040069
## [190,]  2.58249171  0.339509176 -0.3036532099  0.077206232
## [191,]  1.76453362 -1.292626014 -0.1196844123 -0.136892736
## [192,]  1.15532939 -1.153251761  0.7371587302 -0.204291638
## [193,]  2.60359333  0.326484463 -0.2438662115 -0.199507546
## [194,]  1.96619306 -1.375315362  0.0834929746  0.315414369
## [195,]  1.70292714 -0.310211734 -0.6035250877  0.153770437
## [196,]  1.63023914 -0.849052487  0.3232317817  0.273246100
## [197,]  2.52824538 -0.633769450  0.0685502714  0.100367351
## [198,]  1.15735133 -0.975741632  0.4346202685 -0.110144367
## [199,]  2.47953715 -0.119944640  0.1983594951 -0.427837195
## [200,]  1.90404533 -0.771411353  0.1132635463 -0.100456128
## [201,]  1.80265515 -0.515867852 -0.4407921010 -0.280206936
## [202,]  0.99999485 -1.331427058  0.4972729927 -0.065011363
## [203,]  1.89119896 -0.627629575 -0.2585404286 -0.270745548
## [204,]  0.93091910 -1.140164212  0.1863460101 -0.020674379
## [205,]  2.77838403  0.086397319 -0.2192291925  0.011587521
## [206,]  1.07656958 -1.216553531  0.7690218627 -0.089722194
## [207,]  2.21598059 -0.562234490 -0.3921871419 -0.081715488
## [208,]  1.47355252 -1.110593355  0.5460128412 -0.277039706
## [209,]  3.37817705  0.689442994 -0.0386535780 -0.235676050
## [210,]  1.83216652 -0.947529000  0.1876661551 -0.359998860
## [211,]  2.77396146  0.644562815 -0.8262745946 -0.352529284
## [212,]  2.89794904  0.377737157 -0.7883709304 -0.183112157
## [213,]  1.68225824 -1.199923878 -0.0998299295 -0.477022930
## [214,]  2.82297979 -0.002514949 -0.1020943607  0.099837362
## [215,]  1.73822780 -0.411243001  0.2517968820 -0.170552774
## [216,]  1.88543725 -0.285343544 -0.2994447079 -0.351489667
## [217,]  2.10338085 -0.077983097 -0.1612492724 -0.230913899
## [218,]  2.02796808 -0.580915426 -0.1941530395  0.085179370
## [219,]  1.59601675 -0.558889916  0.1356338140 -0.241474911
## [220,]  2.90496724  0.198243239 -0.8678279570 -0.246651648
## [221,]  1.49289256 -0.774316869  0.6299957418  0.171246214
## [222,]  2.77638908  0.609393449 -0.6171290897  0.499629777
## [223,]  1.73279991 -1.172343176  0.2343707570 -0.083551592
## [224,]  2.35528428 -0.002138394 -1.3468098137  0.130650040
## [225,]  1.70570972 -0.473358039  0.6842810220  0.039935259
## [226,]  2.69998725  0.427945010  0.0871080008  0.137930023
## [227,]  1.61251537 -0.610214911  0.3889994769  0.059328963
## [228,]  2.48664340  0.266357334 -0.2490282583 -0.193284064
## [229,]  1.58421835 -1.206558986  0.2496827066  0.076104055
## [230,]  2.60478500  0.946598161 -0.7095477675 -0.327572783
## [231,]  1.48255754 -1.140270621 -0.0475673172 -0.456913588
## [232,]  2.65819078 -0.286338576  0.4100931985  0.278429004
## [233,]  1.84514307 -0.827905113  0.4202988503  0.219864045
## [234,]  2.82194749  0.964088245 -0.4885612022 -0.416729460
## [235,]  1.94077693 -0.413378481  0.0473262843 -0.142180870
## [236,]  2.62497748  1.000478450 -0.3543114285 -0.419531459
## [237,]  1.49201527 -0.857170341  0.1686945693  0.035129012
## [238,]  2.60960622  0.320912437 -0.5719661997 -0.004676691
## [239,]  1.51912978 -0.875767080 -0.0996184205 -0.046753911
## [240,]  2.57359526  0.259869947 -0.0349299064 -0.376587531
## [241,]  1.83678033  0.116188362  0.1497856708 -0.063153117
## [242,]  2.08569057 -0.646771800  0.0510666206 -0.403652536
## [243,]  1.29687923 -0.594513353  0.7754047121  0.532351673
## [244,]  2.42913431  0.621116375 -0.1928012220 -0.341432684
## [245,]  1.99672542 -0.312558491  0.2217179796 -0.244193976
## [246,]  3.08946906  1.385699786 -0.0444990538 -0.167589013
## [247,]  1.70781430 -0.242760558 -0.0640372566 -0.005006547
## [248,]  2.86192618 -0.181068897 -0.3379080453 -0.258446028
## [249,]  1.91173444  0.006149393 -0.6274264661  0.317353668
## [250,]  1.01903506 -1.199453811 -0.2511966283 -0.006767678
## [251,]  2.68593517  0.611780499  0.1466360279  0.293707440
## [252,]  1.12616049 -1.319740768  0.2143898775  0.113547949
## [253,]  1.97540337 -0.258352741 -0.1566904922  0.768501127
## [254,]  2.10123089  0.001282137  0.3539474001  0.069426378
## [255,]  3.08631267  0.303503990 -0.7985043802 -0.041656987
## [256,]  1.15660747 -0.802661928 -0.1614900248 -0.203567418
## [257,]  2.87996707  0.609944432 -0.3707737447 -0.412115231
## [258,]  1.58107282 -0.975789324  0.5293228946 -0.465823325
## [259,]  3.47928847  0.917457141 -0.1398153361 -0.037484214
## [260,]  2.68799274  0.316920939 -0.8998403289  0.334860941
## [261,]  1.99771558 -0.976771459  0.3794253741  0.160891982
## [262,]  1.83265107 -0.784509926  0.2407576869 -0.008954681
## [263,]  2.75150503  0.266555715 -0.4193064963  0.236255616
## [264,]  1.71385366 -0.725875158 -0.2627638239  0.330003607
## [265,]  2.01853683  0.336553720 -0.1553307198  0.438801730
## [266,] -0.79383685  0.502297056  0.8074717194 -0.006263220
## [267,] -0.38936897  1.574561014  0.5109350312  0.024047021
## [268,] -0.51502737  1.570962440  0.9634704813  0.068832652
## [269,] -1.19537904  0.706041689  0.5538823005  0.141122670
## [270,] -0.30431264  1.976580378  0.8755879471 -0.111708766
## [271,] -0.32661407  0.364192175  0.2437486903 -0.040707548
## [272,] -1.63592055  0.550237855  1.1156219629  0.559180992
## [273,] -0.07884522  1.177214867  1.0389422187 -0.000630709
## [274,] -0.47029390  0.915308965  0.0030862451  0.204179744
## [275,] -0.41681894  1.861224202  0.6907333946 -0.231118519
## [276,] -0.51891409  0.501742105  0.6032269807  0.166815460
## [277,] -0.57835220  2.072634175  0.6634603831  0.025036020
## [278,] -0.78230803  0.330433534  0.9671293681  0.592406715
## [279,]  0.36958854  1.243850743  0.8546845431  0.020768014
## [280,] -0.71249870  0.118722739  0.8886566840  0.209139614
## [281,] -0.05947710  1.686344097  0.3533619883 -0.141095628
## [282,] -0.83489700  1.753343762  0.8626797357 -0.500845897
## [283,] -0.13457112  1.740319305  2.2206319520  1.067695406
## [284,] -1.06082686  0.769161630  0.7146591809  0.009545205
## [285,]  0.10859952  1.007379727  0.3471986083  0.527984264
## [286,] -1.39779585 -0.186348140  0.5669577641  0.620899621
## [287,] -0.65604675  0.550241661  1.2198880962  0.062592917
## [288,] -1.42052018 -0.445944135  1.2266431861 -0.145219516
## [289,] -0.51123467  1.589268694  0.7273978255  0.143040457
## [290,] -0.79029911  0.506500522  0.9275907132 -0.314020685
## [291,]  0.09043496  1.616127759  0.6536706908  0.243806976
## [292,] -0.30154522  1.138218559  1.1084854655 -0.460320942
## [293,] -0.23294271  1.309290553  0.5664965313 -0.244814142
## [294,] -0.68633547  0.469421229  0.6870335877  0.200530930
## [295,]  0.55717482  2.150323559  0.1018926022  0.027621633
## [296,] -1.40654483 -0.670221602  0.7352215008  0.011798409
## [297,]  0.17536866  2.602706589  0.3448578835  0.041487132
## [298,] -1.19133191 -0.439598103  0.7914297748  0.155285519
## [299,]  0.26104673  1.422954986  0.5148950431 -0.138137453
## [300,] -0.47796571  1.148220323  0.9081987557 -0.073025324
## [301,]  0.07449111  0.207746781  0.7508551146  0.009524945
## [302,] -0.42067055  0.819697344  0.5420745640  0.077345952
## [303,]  0.72563877  2.371672611 -0.4121724661 -0.148154789
## [304,] -1.04370429 -0.056204926  1.7248433528 -0.471681487
## [305,]  0.60145456  2.182018872  0.2427114514  0.018003109
## [306,]  0.13875967  1.475189813  0.1202878446 -0.748457372
## [307,] -0.84112440  0.319554637  0.8327470142  0.406758477
## [308,] -0.47268692  1.478234974  0.9610479754 -0.174022220
## [309,] -0.52941438  0.029613649  0.8172235556 -0.183166188
## [310,] -0.14369340  1.004228137  1.1289116679  0.014467968
## [311,]  0.46216056  1.311956932  0.3324732660  0.247222379
## [312,] -0.64548540  0.887659748  1.3383991535  0.128477659
## [313,]  0.44018437  1.549794413 -0.1927032048 -0.613818246
## [314,] -0.91770719  1.349966710  1.4908954736  0.159187673
## [315,] -0.03089919  0.641199552  1.0956723098 -0.077736378
## [316,] -0.18758203  0.057047468  1.3312659872 -0.360143649
## [317,]  0.06871159  1.532811438  0.6627886634 -0.141096109
## [318,] -0.62896358  0.181340228  0.7528030542  0.038106865
## [319,]  0.01928271  1.749645867  0.3214988558 -0.255665072
## [320,] -1.31309930 -0.196650725  0.6614987783  0.106491442
## [321,] -0.33092531  1.490556293  1.2357041816 -0.243662598
## [322,] -0.85016994 -0.191170114  1.1368934124 -0.061031001
## [323,] -0.13764377  1.676744907  0.1134597978 -0.309149652
## [324,] -0.05175015  1.306076998  0.6584305849 -0.321693731
## [325,] -1.07351711  1.013945225  0.3246068883 -0.245749300
## [326,]  0.21487470  1.792293937  0.5289929168 -0.447850584
## [327,] -0.50588514 -0.018580429  1.0861560589  0.392279094
## [328,] -0.45146163  0.065448902  0.7472285907 -0.012889508
## [329,]  0.55347452  2.347611631  0.8692449423 -0.388079949
## [330,] -0.73991356  0.248154967  0.3160666932 -0.733777565
## [331,] -0.36788976  0.991079624  0.8879961032  0.195862570
## [332,]  0.49235960  1.484849279  0.3299597904 -0.550859059
## [333,] -0.21341684  1.261553796  0.7659666942 -0.108233342

Statistics

Additional ways of importing/reading and manipulating data

rand <- c(12, 54, 98, 65, 38)
rand
## [1] 12 54 98 65 38
sum(rand)
## [1] 267
length(rand)
## [1] 5
avg.rand <- sum(rand)/length(rand)
avg.rand
## [1] 53.4
mean(rand)
## [1] 53.4
sort(rand)
## [1] 12 38 54 65 98
min(rand)
## [1] 12
max(rand)
## [1] 98
cumsum(rand)
## [1]  12  66 164 229 267
diff(rand)
## [1]  42  44 -33 -27
rand[2]
## [1] 54
rand*2
## [1]  24 108 196 130  76
pedes <- scan()
pedes
## numeric(0)

Analyses

Univariate Statistics

  1. Categorical Data
  1. Barplots
beer <- c(3, 4, 1, 1, 3, 4, 3, 3, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 3, 1)
length(beer)
## [1] 25
barplot(beer) # WRONG

table(beer)
## beer
##  1  2  3  4 
## 10  4  8  3
barplot(table(beer), xlab="Beer", ylab="Frequency") # Counts

barplot(table(beer)/length(beer), xlab="Beer", ylab="Proportion") # Proportions instead of frequencies

  1. Pie Charts
pie(table(beer), main="Beer preference by students")

  1. Numerical Data
  1. Stem-and-leaf Plots
#stem(pedes)
  1. Strip Chart
#stripchart(pedes, method="stack")
  1. Measures of Center
  1. Mean
mean(pedes)
## [1] NaN
mean(gapminder2$lifeExp)
## [1] 59.47444
  1. Median
median(pedes)
## [1] NA
median(gapminder$lifeExp)
## [1] 60.7125
with(gapminder, median(lifeExp))
## [1] 60.7125
  1. Mode
which(table(pedes) == max(table(pedes)))
## Warning in max(table(pedes)): no non-missing arguments to max; returning -Inf
## integer(0)
  1. Variation
  1. Range
range(pedes)
## Warning in min(x): no non-missing arguments to min; returning Inf
## Warning in max(x): no non-missing arguments to max; returning -Inf
## [1]  Inf -Inf
diff(range(pedes))
## Warning in min(x): no non-missing arguments to min; returning Inf
## Warning in max(x): no non-missing arguments to max; returning -Inf
## [1] -Inf
  1. Variance
var(pedes)
## [1] NA
sd(pedes)
## [1] NA
  1. IQRs
IQR(pedes)
## [1] NA
  1. Z-scores
scale(pedes)
##      [,1]
## attr(,"scaled:center")
## [1] NaN
## attr(,"scaled:scale")
## [1] 0
  1. Summary
summary(pedes)
##    Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
## 
  1. Plots
  1. Histograms
#hist(pedes, breaks="scott")
#hist(pedes, breaks = "scott", prob=TRUE)
#hist(pedes, breaks = 5, prob=TRUE)
#lines(density(pedes))
#plot(density(pedes))
  1. Box Plots
#boxplot(pedes)
summary(pedes)
##    Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
## 

Bivariate and Multivariate Statistics

  1. Plotting and Regression
  1. Box Plotting
spid.gen <- read.csv("data/spider_genitalia.csv", header = T)
spid.gen
boxplot(spid.gen$left.bulb/spid.gen$carapace.length ~ spid.gen$habitat)